In 1651, Thomas Hobbes wrote that philosophy in the medieval universities ‘hath no otherwise place than as a handmaiden to the Roman religion; and since the authority of Aristotle is only current there, that study is not properly philosophy (the nature whereof dependeth not on authors) but Aristotelity’. Anthony Gottlieb, The Dream of Reason: A History of Western Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance, loc. 5810. Kindle Edition