# The Iliad of Homer  ## Metadata - Author:: [[Homer, Richard Martin, and Richmond Lattimore]] - Full Title:: The Iliad of Homer - Category: #books ## Highlights > Unlike many a later epic (including Virgil’s Aeneid), this poem does not deal with ethnic, national, religious, or ideological conflicts and aspirations. ([Location 66](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=66)) > The Iliad is about heroes as humans, and what constitutes humanity. Its enduring value lies in the poem’s recognition that even the worst enemies are deeply, fundamentally the same—desirous of glory and immortality, while subject to pain and death. Its power—like that of so much Greek literature—comes from the realistic depiction of mortals as they gradually learn that they can never be gods. In this existential recognition, it transcends the anxieties of tribe or state. ([Location 69](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=69)) > dates for the Trojan War from 1184 BC (Eratosthenes), to around 1250 BC (Herodotus) to 1334 BC (Douris). ([Location 80](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=80)) > The poem’s concentrated force relies on an audience that already knows most of the basic details about the struggle, an audience that has probably encountered many other versions of the tale of Troy, from tellers whose names we will never discover. ([Location 94](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=94)) > The Romans had further reasons for venerating Troy, since it was claimed that they were direct descendants of the Trojan hero Aeneas, who escaped the city’s destruction and traveled with his kin to Italy to start afresh. ([Location 104](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=104)) > Byzantium (the inheritor of the eastern Roman empire), ([Location 110](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=110)) > The Iliad, in fact, represents the number of far-flung Trojan allies as far outnumbering fighters from the city itself and, since they speak many languages, harder to control than the unified Greek forces ([Location 171](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=171)) > Egyptian inscriptions of the era refer to problems with marauding “Sea Peoples,” possibly coming from the east. ([Location 176](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=176)) > Armed with Aphrodite’s seductive wiles, he persuaded Helen to elope with him to Troy, taking with her much of her husband’s wealth and leaving behind a nine-year-old daughter, Hermione. ([Location 241](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=241)) > Ironically, Odysseus himself had been tricked into going to the war from his home island: an earlier recruiting party had placed his infant son Telemachos in front of the plow driven erratically by Odysseus while he feigned madness. It was clear he was sane when he swerved aside. ([Location 254](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=254)) > Artemis sends contrary winds against the fleet in punishment for Agamemnon’s killing of a sacred stag. ([Location 259](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=259)) > Iphigeneia, ([Location 260](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=260)) > fifth-century dramas of Aeschylus (Agamemnon) and Euripides (Iphigeneia at Aulis). ([Location 263](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=263)) > Achilleus himself boasts of leading twenty-three such raids (9.328–29). Chryseis, the priest’s daughter whose ransoming sparks the Iliad’s central quarrel, was acquired as a captive in one of these forays (1.366–69), the same one that killed the father and brothers of Andromache, Hektor’s wife, in Thebes (6.414–28), while Achilleus gained his own war bride Briseis in yet another, at Lyrnessos (2.688–93). ([Location 271](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=271)) > cause, effect, solution— ([Location 280](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=280)) > Meanwhile, he begs his divine mother Thetis to pressure Zeus to favor the Trojans temporarily, thus punishing the Greeks who he thinks dishonor him. ([Location 285](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=285)) > It is not accidental that the name Akhilleus is most plausibly etymologized as “grief [akhos] for the fighters [laos].” ([Location 303](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=303)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Athene’s wrath at the desecration of her altar hounds the Greeks—including Odysseus—on their journey home. ([Location 323](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=323)) > Achilleus’ relationship with Patroklos looks remarkably like the bond between Enkidu and Gilgamesh, the protagonist of an epic tradition reaching back to 2000 BC and widespread for 1,500 years in the region of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (modern Iraq). ([Location 353](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=353)) > Life is a struggle each person will ultimately always lose; the question is how one acts with that knowledge. ([Location 399](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=399)) > In line with this view of the afterlife, it is well understood that a life on earth of striving, even of pain, is preferable to an eternity of gloom. ([Location 410](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=410)) > Their clash over entitlement emphasizes the disequilibrium between authority and ability, a mismatch familiar still today between those with power and those with talent. ([Location 433](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=433)) > Achilleus’ rage persists even after he kills his friend’s slayer, leading him to mistreat Hektor’s corpse, dragging it behind his chariot as he races around the ramparts each day, a taunt to the Trojans and a horrific continuation of revenge. ([Location 471](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=471)) > Achilleus looks and acts like Apollo. ([Location 503](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=503)) > Aphrodite, goddess of sex and desire, is the distant cause of the conflict, inasmuch as it was she who gifted Paris with the ability to seduce Helen (in return for his naming her fairest among goddesses). She is also the mother of the Trojan ally Aeneas (the ultimate ancestor of the Romans), and therefore is devoted to the Trojan cause. ([Location 513](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=513)) > On the other hand, Andromache, wife of Hektor, is shown possessing a combination of strength and tender vulnerability that is never on view among divine females. She is clearly the summit of feminine virtue in the poem. ([Location 573](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=573)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Helen’s mother was commonly said to be the Spartan woman queen Leda, impregnated by Zeus in the form of a swan, ([Location 578](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=578)) > the famous Athenian magistrate Solon inserted line 2.558 to support the claims that Athens made to sovereignty over the nearby island Salamis. ([Location 688](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=688)) > The further notion that a criminal brings pollution (miasma) on his entire community underlies the assumption that all of Troy must suffer for the delict of Paris. ([Location 714](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=714)) > In the Iliad, we see that Athene’s shrine is at the center of Troy (disconcertingly, since she is opposed to the Trojans). ([Location 729](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=729)) > Five such displays support the middle arc of the poem: those of Diomedes (book 5), Agamemnon (11), Hektor (15), Patroklos (16), and Achilleus (19 through 22). The catalogic technique—listing the named victims of a warrior, with kaleidoscopic variations on their deaths—is closely related (e.g., the lists starting at 5.35 and 5.703). ([Location 916](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=916)) > The finale, meanwhile, mirrors the opening of the poem: an aged father, in each, comes at great risk to the Greek camp to ransom a child (Chryseis/Hektor) and is met by a chieftain—though with opposite results. Such large-scale patterning suggests that the Iliad has been planned and plotted as an organic and rounded whole. ([Location 928](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=928)) > When he speeds in his gleaming bronze and gold toward Troy, Achilleus is first espied by Priam, to whom he seems like a star—specifically, like Orion’s Dog (Sirius), most prominent in autumn and a sign of distress and fever. ([Location 1002](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1002)) > But what does emerge from the juxtaposition is the brusque, war-hastened quality of Agamemnon’s camp sacrifice, as opposed to the leisurely homecoming celebration conducted by Chryses. ([Location 1025](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1025)) > The text itself survived transitions of medium from oral poem to papyrus scroll to handwritten codex, then (in 1488, in the Florentine edition of Demetrius Chalcondyles) made the leap to the new technology of the printed book, and finally has become available, with the rest of Greek literature, in digital form. ([Location 1090](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1090)) > The Odyssey provides a satisfying ending: spouses reunited, a family reintegrated, a community revived. ([Location 1101](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1101)) > In the Gallipoli campaign of 1915 more than 130,000 soldiers died on both sides of the conflict over the Dardanelles—a few dozen kilometers from the site of ruined Troy. ([Location 1144](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1144)) > but already by the fifth century BC, Aeschylus explicitly made it homoerotic, with Achilleus recalling the thighs and kisses of his friend. ([Location 1174](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1174)) > “Never let me find you again, old sir, near our hollow ships, neither lingering now nor coming again hereafter, for fear your staff and the god’s ribbons help you no longer. ([Location 1422](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1422)) > burned all the rich thigh pieces of bulls, of goats, ([Location 1434](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1434)) > Apollo the lord who strikes from afar. ([Location 1465](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1465)) > Find me then some prize that shall be my own, lest I only among the Argives go without, since that were unfitting; ([Location 1502](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1502)) > “Son of Atreus, most lordly, greediest for gain of all men, ([Location 1506](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1506)) > I for my part did not come here for the sake of the Trojan spearmen to fight against them, since to me they have done nothing. Never yet have they driven away my cattle or my horses, 155  never in Phthia where the soil is rich and men grow great did they spoil my harvest, since indeed there is much that lies between us, the shadowy mountains and the echoing sea; ([Location 1532](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1532)) > Now I am returning to Phthia, since it is much better 170  to go home again with my curved ships, and I am minded no longer to stay here dishonored and pile up your wealth and your luxury.” ([Location 1547](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1547)) > The goddess standing behind Peleus’ son caught him by the fair hair, ([Location 1572](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1572)) > “You wine sack, with a dog’s eyes, with a deer’s heart. ([Location 1597](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1597)) > Nestor the fair-spoken rose up, the lucid speaker of Pylos, from whose lips the streams of words ran sweeter than honey. ([Location 1617](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1617)) > “So must I be called of no account and a coward if I must carry out every order you may happen to give me. 295  Tell other men to do these things, but give me no more commands, since I for my part have no intention to obey you. ([Location 1656](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1656)) > These then putting out went over the ways of the water while Atreus’ son told his people to wash off their defilement. And they washed it away and threw the washings into the salt sea. ([Location 1673](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1673)) > Myrmidons. ([Location 1687](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1687)) - Note: Antmen > But Achilleus weeping went and sat in sorrow apart from his companions 350  beside the beach of the gray sea looking out on the infinite water. Many times stretching forth his hands he called on his mother: ([Location 1705](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1705)) - Note: Mommy, the Greeks boys took away my Barbie & said mean things to me. > We went against Thebe, the sacred city of Eëtion, and the city we sacked, and carried everything back to this place, and the sons of the Achaians made a fair distribution and for Atreus’ son they chose out Chryseis of the fair cheeks. ([Location 1720](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1720)) > Sit beside him and take his knees and remind him of these things now, if perhaps he might be willing to help the Trojans, and pin the Achaians back against the ships and the water, 410  dying, so that thus they may all have profit of their own king, that Atreus’ son wide-ruling Agamemnon may recognize his madness, that he did no honor to the best of the Achaians.” ([Location 1756](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1756)) > Beat aside at last the shameful plague from the Danaäns.” ([Location 1799](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1799)) > They set up the mast again and spread on it the white sails, and the wind blew into the middle of the sail, and at the cutwater a blue wave rose and sang strongly as the ship went onward. ([Location 1820](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1820)) > She came and sat beside him with her left hand embracing his knees, but took him underneath the chin with her right hand and spoke in supplication ([Location 1838](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1838)) > “This is a disastrous matter when you set me in conflict with Hera, and she troubles me with recriminations. ([Location 1853](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1853)) > There was a time once before now I was minded to help you, and he caught me by the foot and threw me from the magic threshold, and all day long I dropped helpless, and about sunset I landed in Lemnos, and there was not much life left in me. ([Location 1917](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1917)) > So he spoke and went away, and left Agamemnon there, believing things in his heart that were not to be accomplished. ([Location 1967](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1967)) > Like the swarms of clustering bees that issue forever in fresh bursts from the hollow in the stone, and hang like bunched grapes as they hover beneath the flowers in springtime 90  fluttering in swarms together this way and that way, ([Location 2012](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2012)) > Powerful Agamemnon stood up holding the scepter Hephaistos had wrought him carefully. ([Location 2024](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2024)) > And now nine years of mighty Zeus have gone by, and the timbers of our ships have rotted away and the cables are broken ([Location 2052](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2052)) > and the men in tumult swept to the ships, and underneath their feet the dust lifted and rose high, and the men were all shouting to one another to lay hold on the ships and drag them down to the bright sea. They cleaned out the keel channels and their cries hit skyward as they made for home and snatched the props from under the vessels. ([Location 2066](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2066)) > disappointment touched his heart and his spirit. ([Location 2085](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2085)) > So he spoke and dashed the scepter against his back and shoulders, and he doubled over, and a round tear dropped from him, and a bloody welt stood up between his shoulders under the golden scepter’s stroke, and he sat down again, frightened, in pain, and looking helplessly about wiped off the tear-drops. ([Location 2167](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2167)) > As this snake has eaten the sparrow herself with her children, eight of them, and the mother was the ninth, who bore them, so for years as many as this shall we fight in this place and in the tenth year we shall take the city of the wide ways.’ ([Location 2221](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2221)) - Note: 10 years > Therefore let no man be urgent to take the way homeward 355  until after he has lain in bed with the wife of a Trojan to avenge Helen’s longing to escape and her lamentations. ([Location 2245](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2245)) > Set your men in order by tribes, by clans, Agamemnon, and let clan go in support of clan, let tribe support tribe. ([Location 2252](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2252)) - Note: Civil war system of keeping troops from cities or regions together. > For I and Achilleus fought together for a girl’s sake in words’ violent encounter, and I was the first to be angry. If ever we can take one single counsel, then no longer 380  shall the Trojans’ evil be put aside, not even for a small time. ([Location 2264](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2264)) > each man making a sacrifice to some one of the immortal gods, in prayer to escape death and the grind of Ares. ([Location 2285](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2285)) > Skamandros, ([Location 2341](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2341)) > Agamemnon, with eyes and head like Zeus who delights in thunder, like Ares for girth, and with the chest of Poseidon; 480  like some ox of the herd pre-eminent among the others, ([Location 2352](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2352)) - Note: Opposed to earlier account of his holding back > Zeus made him that day, conspicuous among men, and foremost among the fighters. ([Location 2356](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2356)) > wine-blue sea ([Location 2467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2467)) - Note: Wine-dark sea > But Achilleus lay apart among his curved sea-wandering vessels, raging at Agamemnon, ([Location 2603](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2603)) > who confident in the speed of his feet kept watch for the Trojans aloft the ancient burial mound of ancient Aisyetes, ([Location 2621](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2621)) - Note: Iris appears as Lookout > but multitudinous is the speech of the scattered nations: ([Location 2632](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2632)) - Note: Many cities sent reinforcements to troy > Aineias, ([Location 2646](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2646)) - Note: Father of Romulus & remix, founders of time. Virgil > when the cranes escape the winter time and the rains unceasing 5   and clamorously wing their way to the streaming Ocean, bringing to the Pygmaian men bloodshed and destruction: ([Location 2700](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2700)) > Alexandros ([Location 2723](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2723)) - Note: Also named Paris > looks are handsome, but there is no strength in your heart, no courage. ([Location 2736](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2736)) > The lyre would not help you then, nor the favors of Aphrodite, 55  nor your locks, when you rolled in the dust, nor all your beauty. ([Location 2743](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2743)) > No, but the Trojans are cowards in truth, else long before this you had worn a mantle of flying stones for the wrong you did us.” ([Location 2745](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2745)) - Note: Hector to Paris. We should have stoned you to death. > Terrible is the likeness of her face to immortal goddesses. ([Location 2835](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2835)) - Note: Helen disliked > I am not blaming you: to me the gods are blameworthy 165  who drove upon me this sorrowful war against the Achaians. ([Location 2840](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2840)) - Note: Priam blames the gods, not helen > And thus would murmur any man, Achaian or Trojan: “Zeus, exalted and mightiest, and you other immortals, let those, whichever side they may be, who do wrong to the oaths sworn 300  first, let their brains be spilled on the ground as this wine is spilled now, theirs and their sons’, and let their wives be the spoil of others.” ([Location 2958](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2958)) > First he placed along his legs the fair greaves linked with silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet of Lykaon his brother since this fitted him also. Across his shoulders he slung the sword with the nails of silver, 335  a bronze sword, and above it the great shield, huge and heavy. Over his powerful head he set the well-fashioned helmet with the horse-hair crest, and the plumes nodded terribly above it. He took up a strong-shafted spear that fitted his hand’s grip. In the same way warlike Menelaos put on his armor. ([Location 2987](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2987)) > that any one of the men to come may shudder to think of doing evil to a kindly host, who has given him friendship.” ([Location 3007](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3007)) - Tags: [[favorite]] - Note: Code of hospitality. Xenia > Aphrodite daughter of Zeus watched sharply. 375  She broke the chinstrap, ([Location 3026](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3026)) > But Aphrodite caught up Paris easily, since she was divine, and wrapped him in a thick mist and set him down again in his own perfumed bedchamber. ([Location 3032](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3032)) > She, as she recognized the round, sweet throat of the goddess and her desirable breasts and her eyes that were full of shining, ([Location 3046](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3046)) > “Strange divinity! Why are you still so stubborn to beguile me? ([Location 3049](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3049)) > “Wretched girl, do not tease me lest in anger I forsake you 415  and grow to hate you as much as now I terribly love you, lest I encompass you in hard hate, caught between both sides, Danaäns and Trojans alike, and you wretchedly perish.” ([Location 3061](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3061)) > Aphrodite the sweetly laughing drew up an armchair, ([Location 3071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3071)) > We have gods on our side also. ([Location 3085](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3085)) > These would not have hidden him for love, if any had seen him, since he was hated among them all as dark death is hated. ([Location 3096](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3096)) > So spoke Athene, and persuaded the fool’s heart in him. ([Location 3194](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3194)) > Asklepios; ([Location 3283](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3283)) > Machaon. ([Location 3287](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3287)) > As from his watching place a goatherd watches a cloud move on its way over the sea before the drive of the west wind; far away though he be he watches it, blacker than pitch is, moving across the sea and piling the storm before it, ([Location 3346](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3346)) - Note: Black roller > and drove the cowards to the center 300  so that a man might be forced to fight even though unwilling. ([Location 3367](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3367)) > Since there was no speech nor language common to all of them but their talk was mixed, who were called there from many far places. ([Location 3487](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3487)) > son of Harmonides, the smith, who understood how to make with his hand all intricate things, since above all others Pallas Athene had loved him. He it was who had built for Alexandros the balanced ships, the beginning of the evil, fatal to the other Trojans, and to him, since he knew nothing of the gods’ plans. ([Location 3635](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3635)) > I have taken away the mist from your eyes, that before now was there, so that you may well recognize the god and the mortal. Therefore now, if a god making trial of you comes hither 130  do you not do battle head-on with the gods immortal, not with the rest; but only if Aphrodite, Zeus’ daughter, comes to the fighting, her at least you may stab with the sharp bronze.” ([Location 3698](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3698)) > Tydeus made a thrust against the soft hand with the bronze spear, and the spear tore the skin driven clean on through the immortal robe that the very Graces had woven for her carefully, ([Location 3884](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3884)) - Note: Usually love wounds one > ichor, ([Location 3888](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3888)) > but the Danaäns are beginning to fight even with the immortals.” ([Location 3923](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3923)) > Now in turn Athene, daughter of Zeus of the aegis, beside the threshold of her father slipped off her elaborate 735  dress which she herself had wrought with her hands’ patience, and now assuming the war tunic of Zeus who gathers the clouds, she armed in her gear for the dismal fighting. And across her shoulders she threw the betasseled, terrible aegis, all about which Terror hangs like a garland, 740  and Hatred is there, and Battle Strength, and heart-freezing Onslaught and thereon is set the head of the grim gigantic Gorgon, a thing of fear and horror, portent of Zeus of the aegis. Upon her head she set the golden helm with its four sheets and two horns, wrought with the fighting men of a hundred cities. 745  She set her feet in the blazing chariot and took up a spear heavy, huge, thick, wherewith she beats down the battalions of fighting men, against whom she of mighty father is angered. ([Location 4232](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4232)) > wine-blue water, ([Location 4266](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4266)) > Pallas Athene, leaning in on it, drove it into the depth of the belly where the war belt girt him. ([Location 4342](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4342)) > and showed him the immortal blood dripping from the spear cut. So in sorrow for himself he addressed him in winged words: “Father Zeus, are you not angry looking on these acts of violence? We who are gods forever have to endure the most horrible hurts, by each other’s hatred, as we try to give favor to mortals. ([Location 4354](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4354)) > “Do not sit beside me and whine, you double-faced liar. 890  To me you are most hateful of all gods who hold Olympos. Forever quarreling is dear to your heart, wars and battles. Truly the anger of Hera your mother is grown out of all hand nor gives ground; and try as I may I am broken by her arguments, and it is by her impulse, I think, you are suffering all this. 895  And yet I will not long endure to see you in pain, since you are my child, and it was to me that your mother bore you. But were you born of some other god and proved so ruinous long since you would have been dropped beneath the gods of the bright sky.” ([Location 4371](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4371)) > Helenos, ([Location 4456](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4456)) - Note: Prophet but believed. Brother to casssndra > temple of gray-eyed Athene high on the citadel; ([Location 4467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4467)) - Note: Even though there hated troy. Why? > As is the generation of leaves, so is that of humanity. The wind scatters the leaves on the ground, but the live timber burgeons with leaves again in the season of spring returning. So one generation of men will grow while another 150  dies. ([Location 4518](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4518)) > murderous symbols, which he inscribed in a folding tablet, ([Location 4537](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4537)) > and asked to be shown the symbols, whatever he might be carrying from his son-in-law’, Proitos. Then after he had been given his son-in-laws wicked symbols first he sent him away with orders to kill the Chimaira ([Location 4544](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4544)) > How I wish at this moment the earth might open beneath him. The Olympian let him live, a great sorrow to the Trojans, and high-hearted Priam, and all of his children. ([Location 4636](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4636)) > She spoke in prayer, but Pallas Athene turned her head from her. ([Location 4663](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4663)) > “Brother by marriage to me, who am a nasty bitch evil-intriguing, 345  how I wish that on that day when my mother first bore me the foul whirlwind of the storm had caught me away and swept me to the mountain, or into the wash of the sea deep-thundering where the waves would have swept me away before all these things had happened. Yet since the gods had brought it about that these vile things must be, 350  I wish I had been the wife of a better man than this is, one who knew modesty and all things of shame that men say. But this man’s heart is no steadfast thing, nor yet will it be so ever hereafter; for that I think he shall take the consequence. ([Location 4692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4692)) > ‘He is better by far than his father,’ ([Location 4812](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4812)) > No man is going to hurl me to Hades, unless it is fated, but as for fate, I think that no man yet has escaped it once it has taken its first form, neither brave man nor coward. ([Location 4819](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4819)) > wine-blue water: ([Location 4938](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4938)) > While above us the threads of victory are held in the hands of the immortals.” ([Location 4949](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4949)) > Even Achilleus, in the fighting where men win glory, trembles to meet this man, and he is far better than you are. ([Location 4961](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4961)) > Nestor ([Location 4970](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4970)) - Note: Blowhard > since I think that the man who was born and raised in Salamis, myself, is not such a novice.” ([Location 5036](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5036)) > And let us gather and pile one single mound on the corpse-pyre indiscriminately from the plain, and build fast upon it towered ramparts, to be a defense of ourselves and our vessels. ([Location 5158](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5158)) - Note: Why now & not 9 yrs ago? > Come then: let us give back Helen of Argos and all her possessions to the sons of Atreus to take away, seeing now we fight with our true pledges made into lies; and I see no good thing’s accomplishment for us in the end, unless we do this.” ([Location 5170](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5170)) > I refuse, straight out. I will not give back the woman. But of the possessions I carried away to our house from Argos I am willing to give all back, and to add to these from my own goods.” ([Location 5181](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5181)) > They found it hard to recognize each individual dead man; 425  but with water they washed away the blood ([Location 5235](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5235)) > Jason, ([Location 5275](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5275)) > but all night long Zeus of the counsels was threatening evil upon them in the terrible thunderstroke. Green fear took hold of them. 480   They spilled the wine on the ground from their cups, and none was so hardy as to drink, till he had poured to the all-powerful son of Kronos. They lay down thereafter and took the blessing of slumber. ([Location 5283](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5283)) > Tartaros, ([Location 5300](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5300)) > once hit in your car by the lightning stroke you could never have come back to Olympos, where is the place of the immortals.” ([Location 5692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5692)) > For the Trojans the daylight sank against their will, but for the Achaians sweet and thrice-supplicated was the coming on of the dark night. ([Location 5720](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5720)) > They accomplished likewise full sacrifices before the immortals, and the winds wafted the savor aloft from the plain to the heavens 550  in its fragrance; and yet the blessed gods took no part of it. They would not; so hateful to them was sacred Ilion, and Priam, and the city of Priam of the strong ash spear. ([Location 5775](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5775)) > A thousand fires were burning there in the plain, and beside each one sat fifty men in the flare of the blazing firelight. And standing each beside his chariot, champing white barley 565  and oats, the horses waited for the dawn to mount to her high place. ([Location 5787](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5787)) > spring dark-running ([Location 5804](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5804)) > let us run away with our ships ([Location 5814](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5814)) > The son of devious-devising Kronos has given you gifts in two ways: with the scepter he gave you honor beyond all, but he did not give you a heart, and of all power this is the greatest. ([Location 5823](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5823)) > when his spirit stirs him to speak for our good. ([Location 5880](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5880)) > For Hades gives not way, and is pitiless, and therefore he among all the gods is most hateful to mortals. ([Location 5929](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5929)) > Agamemnon offers you worthy recompense if you change from your anger. ([Location 6020](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6020)) > But if the son of Atreus is too much hated in your heart, himself and his gifts, at least take pity on all the other Achaians, who are afflicted along the host, and will honor you as a god. ([Location 6055](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6055)) > For as I detest the doorways of Death, I detest that man, who hides one thing in the depths of his heart, and speaks forth another. ([Location 6065](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6065)) > Fate is the same for the man who holds back, the same if he fights hard. We are all held in a single honor, the brave with the weaklings. 320  A man dies still if he has done nothing, as one who has done much. ([Location 6071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6071)) > But I say that I have stormed from my ships twelve cities of men, and by land eleven more through the generous Troad. 330  From all these we took forth treasures, goodly and numerous, and we would bring them back, and give them to Agamemnon, Atreus’ son; while he, waiting back beside the swift ships, would take them, and distribute them little by little, and keep many. ([Location 6080](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6080)) - Note: Achilles the terrier. Independent contractor. Tom t hall ’the winner.’ > And why was it the son of Atreus assembled and led here these people? Was it not for the sake of lovely-haired Helen? 340  Are the sons of Atreus alone among mortal men the ones who love their wives? ([Location 6088](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6088)) > I have many possessions there that I left behind when I came here 365  on this desperate venture, and from here there is more gold, and red bronze, and fair-girdled women, and gray iron I will take back; ([Location 6111](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6111)) > He cheated me and he did me hurt. Let him not beguile me with words again. ([Location 6121](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6121)) > but a man’s life cannot come back again, it cannot be lifted nor captured again by force, once it has crossed the teeth’s barrier. ([Location 6150](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6150)) > I carry two sorts of destiny toward the day of my death. ([Location 6153](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6153)) > For Artemis, she of the golden chair, ([Location 6259](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6259)) > Erinys, ([Location 6293](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6293)) - Note: Fury > all the sorrows that come to men when their city is taken: they kill the men, and the fire leaves the city in ashes, and strangers lead the children away and the deep-girdled women. ([Location 6311](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6311)) > Diomedes of the great war cry spoke to them: “Son of Atreus, most lordly and king of men, Agamemnon, I wish you had not supplicated the blameless son of Peleus with innumerable gifts offered. He is a proud man without this, 700  and now you have driven him far deeper into his pride. Rather we shall pay him no more attention, whether he comes in with us or stays away. ([Location 6403](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6403)) > took the blessing of slumber. ([Location 6418](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6418)) > nor does my pulse beat steadily, but I go distracted, and my heart is pounding 95  through my chest, and my shining limbs are shaken beneath me. ([Location 6502](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6502)) > He spoke, and swore to an empty oath, and stirred the man onward. ([Location 6714](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6714)) > other, but their far-assembled companions in battle are sleeping, and pass on to the Trojans the duty of watching, since their own children do not lie nearby, nor their women.” ([Location 6792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6792)) - Note: The problem of mercenaries > He spoke, and the man was trying to reach his chin with his strong hand 455  and cling, and supplicate him, but he struck the middle of his neck with a sweep of the sword, and slashed clean through both tendons, and Dolon’s head still speaking dropped in the dust. ([Location 6822](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6822)) > Thracians. ([Location 6869](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6869)) - Note: Kara Thrace battlestar Galactica > single-foot ([Location 6897](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6897)) - Note: https://youtu.be/XKfHo934C3A > balanced ships up at the ends, ([Location 6942](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6942)) > And circled in the midst of all was the blank-eyed face of the Gorgon with her stare of horror, and Fear was inscribed upon it, and Terror. ([Location 6966](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6966)) > And the son of Kronos drove down the evil turmoil upon them, and from aloft cast down dews dripping blood from the sky, since he was minded 55  to hurl down a multitude of strong heads to the house of Hades. ([Location 6981](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6981)) > he had opposed the return of Helen to fair-haired Menelaos. ([Location 7045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7045)) > who were lying along the ground, to delight no longer their wives, but the vultures. ([Location 7078](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7078)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, who was the first to come forth and stand against Agamemnon 220  of the very Trojans, or their renowned companions in battle. ([Location 7129](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7129)) > So Iphidamas fell there and went into the brazen slumber, unhappy, who came to help his own people, and left his young wife ([Location 7150](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7150)) - Note: Disappointed hopes > this is the blank weapon of a useless man, no fighter. ([Location 7284](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7284)) > A healer is a man worth many men in his knowledge 515  of cutting out arrows and putting kindly medicines on wounds.” ([Location 7394](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7394)) > and put kind medicines on it, good ones, which they say you have been told of by Achilleus, since Cheiron, most righteous of the Centaurs, told him about them. ([Location 7673](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7673)) > black blood ([Location 7686](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7686)) > So long as Hektor was still alive, and Achilleus was angry, so long as the citadel of lord Priam was a city untaken, for this time the great wall of the Achaians stood firm. ([Location 7699](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7699)) > Holding this shield in front of him, and shaking two spears, ([Location 7955](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7955)) - Note: How did he hold a shield & 2 spears? > And Sarpedon, grabbing in both ponderous hands the battlements, pulled, and the whole thing came away in his hands, and the rampart was stripped defenseless above. ([Location 8044](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8044)) > Neither did the powerful shaker of the earth ([Location 8120](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8120)) > and the spear in his heart was stuck fast but the heart was panting still and beating to shake the butt end of the spear. ([Location 8505](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8505)) > be beaten down by you, Menelaos, ([Location 8648](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8648)) > Menelaos struck him as he came onward in the forehead over the base of the nose, and smashed the bones, so that both eyes dropped, bloody, and lay in the dust at his feet before him. ([Location 8659](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8659)) > But he found one man away to the left of the sorrowful battle, brilliant Alexandros, the lord of lovely-haired Helen, ([Location 8792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8792)) > But beyond his strength no man can fight, although he be eager.” ([Location 8811](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8811)) > filled up the long edge of the whole sea-coast, all that the two capes compassed between them. ([Location 8888](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8888)) > Oh, shame, for I think that all the other strong-greaved Achaians 50  are storing anger against me in their hearts, as Achilleus did, and no longer will fight for me by the grounded vessels.” ([Location 8900](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8900)) > There is no shame in running, even by night, from disaster. The man does better who runs from disaster than he who is caught by it.” ([Location 8928](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8928)) > word escaped your teeth’s barrier? ([Location 8931](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8931)) > Lekton, where first they left the water, and went on 285  over dry land, and with their feet the top of the forest was shaken. ([Location 9107](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9107)) > and their dear parents knew nothing of it. ([Location 9118](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9118)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, ([Location 9306](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9306)) > Hera was smiling with her lips, but above the dark brows her forehead was not at peace. ([Location 9408](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9408)) > All was divided among us three ways, each given his domain. 190  I when the lots were shaken drew the gray sea to live in forever; Hades drew the lot of the mists and the darkness, and Zeus was allotted the wide sky, in the cloud and the bright air. ([Location 9485](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9485)) > But as a chalkline straightens the cutting of a ship’s timber in the hands of an expert carpenter, who by Athene’s inspiration is well versed in all his craft’s subtlety, so the battles fought by both sides were pulled fast and even. ([Location 9681](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9681)) - Note: Battled to a stand still > Do you expect, if our ships fall to helm-shining Hektor, 505  you will walk each of you back dryshod to the land of your fathers? ([Location 9764](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9764)) > But he, lit about with flame on all sides, charged on their numbers and descended upon them as descends on a fast ship the battering 625  wave storm-bred from beneath the clouds, and the ship goes utterly hidden under the foam, and the dangerous blast of the hurricane thunders against the sail, and the hearts of the seamen are shaken with fear, as they are carried only a little way out of death’s reach. ([Location 9869](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9869)) > Salvation’s light is in our hands’ work, not the mercy of battle.” ([Location 9972](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9972)) > Give me your armor to wear on my shoulders into the fighting; so perhaps the Trojans might think I am you, ([Location 10013](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10013)) > So he spoke supplicating in his great innocence; this was his own death and evil destruction he was entreating. ([Location 10019](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10019)) > When you have driven them from the ships, come back; although later the thunderous lord of Hera might grant you the winning of glory, you must not set your mind on fighting the Trojans, whose delight 90  is in battle, without me. ([Location 10054](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10054)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, ([Location 10077](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10077)) > Trojans threw weariless fire on the fast ship, ([Location 10086](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10086)) > He spoke, and Patroklos was helming himself in bronze that glittered. First he placed along his legs the beautiful greaves, linked with silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet starry and elaborate of swift-footed Aiakides. 135  Across his shoulders he slung the sword with the nails of silver, a bronze sword, and above it the great shield, huge and heavy. Over his mighty head he set the well-fashioned helmet with the horse-hair crest, and the plumes nodded terribly above it. He took up two powerful spears that fitted his hand’s grip, 140  only he did not take the spear of blameless Aiakides, huge, heavy, thick, which no one else of all the Achaians could handle, but Achilleus alone knew how to wield it; the Pelian ash spear which Cheiron had brought to his father from high on Pelion to be death for fighters. ([Location 10093](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10093)) > Fifty were the fast-running ships wherein Achilleus beloved of Zeus had led his men to Troy, and in each one 170  were fifty men, ([Location 10126](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10126)) > Polymele, ([Location 10137](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10137)) > Eileithyia ([Location 10142](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10142)) > Inside this lay a wrought goblet, nor did any other man drink the shining wine from it nor did Achilleus pour from it to any other god, but only Zeus father. ([Location 10176](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10176)) > Dodona, ([Location 10183](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10183)) > The father granted him one prayer, and denied him the other. That Patroklos should beat back the fighting assault on the vessels he allowed, but refused to let him come back safe out of the fighting. ([Location 10198](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10198)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In no good order they went back, while his fast-running horses carried Hektor away in his armor; he abandoned the people of the Trojans, who were trapped by the deep-dug ditch unwilling, ([Location 10303](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10303)) > in deep rage against mortals after they stir him to anger because in violent assembly they pass decrees that are crooked, and drive righteousness from among them and care nothing for what the gods think, ([Location 10320](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10320)) > hooked and dragged him with the spear over the rail, as a fisherman ([Location 10338](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10338)) > if you bring Sarpedon back to his home, still living, think how then some other one of the gods might also wish to carry his own son out of the strong encounter; since around the great city of Priam are fighting many sons of the immortals. You will waken grim resentment among them. ([Location 10372](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10372)) > Three times Patroklos tried to mount the angle of the towering wall, and three times Phoibos Apollo battered him backward with the immortal hands beating back the bright shield. ([Location 10601](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10601)) > But Hektor, when he saw high-hearted Patroklos trying to get away, saw how he was wounded with the sharp javelin, came close against him across the ranks, and with the spear stabbed him in the depth of the belly and drove the bronze clean through. He fell, thunderously, to the horror of all the Achaian people. ([Location 10703](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10703)) > Menelaos of the fair hair ([Location 10764](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10764)) > hard green fear ([Location 10807](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10807)) > we are going home, and the headlong destruction of Troy shall be manifest. ([Location 10885](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10885)) > but a son who never grew old in his father’s armor. ([Location 10923](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10923)) > Since among all creatures that breathe on earth and crawl on it there is not anywhere a thing more dismal than man is. ([Location 11144](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11144)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > As when in the sky Zeus strings for mortals the shimmering rainbow, to be a portent and sign of war, or of wintry storm, ([Location 11234](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11234)) > In both hands he caught up the grimy dust, and poured it over his head and face, and fouled his handsome countenance, 25  and the black ashes were scattered over his immortal tunic. ([Location 11444](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11444)) > These things are brought to accomplishment 75  through Zeus: in the way that you lifted your hands and prayed for, that all the sons of the Achaians be pinned on their grounded vessels by reason of your loss, and suffer things that are shameful.” ([Location 11489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11489)) > and becomes a thing sweeter to him by far than the dripping of honey. ([Location 11522](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11522)) > Three times ([Location 11561](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11561)) > So spoke Hektor, and the Trojans thundered to hear him; fools, since Pallas Athene had taken away the wits from them. ([Location 11698](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11698)) > the god of the dragging footsteps. ([Location 11752](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11752)) > of their own motion ([Location 11756](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11756)) > Charis ([Location 11761](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11761)) - Note: Xapic > She saved me when I suffered much at the time of my great fall through the will of my own brazen-faced mother, who wanted to hide me, for being lame. ([Location 11773](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11773)) > And in support of their master moved his attendants. These are golden, and in appearance like living young women. There is intelligence in their hearts, and there is speech in them 420  and strength, and from the immortal gods they have learned how to do things. ([Location 11793](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11793)) - Note: Robots > And the bellows, all twenty of them, blew on the crucibles, from all directions blasting forth wind to blow the flames high now as he hurried to be at this place and now at another, wherever Hephaistos might wish them to blow, and the work went forward. ([Location 11840](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11840)) > He made the earth upon it, and the sky, and the sea’s water, and the tireless sun, and the moon waxing into her fullness, ([Location 11852](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11852)) > On it he wrought in all their beauty two cities of mortal men. And there were marriages in one, ([Location 11858](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11858)) > But around the other city were lying two forces of armed men 510  shining in their war gear. ([Location 11875](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11875)) > And Ares led them, and Pallas Athene. ([Location 11881](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11881)) > Confusion ([Location 11898](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11898)) > dragged a dead man by the feet through the carnage. ([Location 11900](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11900)) > He made on it the precinct of a king, where the laborers were reaping, with the sharp reaping hooks in their hands. ([Location 11912](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11912)) > He made upon it a herd of horn-straight oxen. ([Location 11933](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11933)) > strong arms made on it a meadow large and in a lovely valley for the glimmering sheepflocks, with dwelling places upon it, and covered shelters, and sheepfolds. ([Location 11946](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11946)) > dancing floor, ([Location 11949](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11949)) > He made on it the great strength of the Ocean River which ran around the uttermost rim of the shield’s strong structure. ([Location 11962](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11962)) > carried with her the shining armor, the gift of Hephaistos. ([Location 11971](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11971)) > None had the courage 15  to look straight at it. They were afraid of it. ([Location 11985](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11985)) > She spoke so, and drove the strength of great courage into him; and meanwhile through the nostrils of Patroklos she distilled ambrosia and red nectar, so that his flesh might not spoil. ([Location 12006](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12006)) > Yet what could I do? It is the god who accomplishes all things. ([Location 12052](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12052)) > And Zeus was entirely unaware of her falsehood, but swore a great oath, and therein lay all his deception. ([Location 12071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12071)) > First he placed along his legs the fair greaves linked with 370  silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet, and across his shoulders slung the sword with the nails of silver, a bronze sword, and caught up the great shield, huge and heavy next, and from it the light glimmered far, as from the moon. ([Location 12297](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12297)) > Hera, had put a voice in him: “We shall still keep you safe for this time, O hard Achilleus. And yet the day of your death is near, but it is not we 410  who are to blame, but a great god and powerful Destiny. ([Location 12331](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12331)) > So these now, the Achaians, beside the curved ships were arming around you, son of Peleus, insatiate of battle, ([Location 12348](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12348)) > Themis ([Location 12351](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12351)) > So they on either side took their places, deliberating counsels, reluctant on both sides to open the sorrowful 155  attack. ([Location 12483](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12483)) > There quickly he drifted a mist across the eyes of one fighter, Achilleus, Peleus’ son, and from the shield of Aineias of the great heart pulled loose the strong bronze-headed ash spear and laid it down again before the feet of Achilleus; ([Location 12631](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12631)) > though his hands are like flame, though his hands are like flame, and his heart like the shining of iron.” ([Location 12676](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12676)) > But now, in his young thoughtlessness and display of his running he swept among the champions until thus he destroyed his dear life. ([Location 12711](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12711)) > He spoke, and balanced the spear and let it fly. But Athene blew against it and turned it back from renowned Achilleus 440  with an easy blast. It came back again to glorious Hektor and dropped to the ground in front of his feet. ([Location 12736](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12736)) > Three times swift-footed brilliant Achilleus swept in against him with the brazen spear. Three times his stroke went into the deep mist. ([Location 12742](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12742)) > He, when his hands grew weary with killing, chose out and took twelve young men alive from the river to be vengeance for the death of Patroklos, the son of Menoitios. ([Location 12818](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12818)) > He with the sharp bronze was cutting young branches from a fig tree, so that they could make him rails for a chariot, when an unlooked-for evil thing came upon him, ([Location 12828](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12828)) > Three times ([Location 12950](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12950)) > three times ([Location 12950](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12950)) > And as Zeus is stronger than rivers that run to the sea, so the generation of Zeus is made stronger than that of a river. ([Location 12962](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12962)) > And about Achilleus in his confusion a dangerous wave rose up, and beat against his shield and pushed it. He could not brace himself with his feet, but caught with his hands at an elm tree tall and strong grown, but this uptorn by the roots and tumbling ripped away the whole cliff and with its dense tangle of roots stopped the run of the lovely current and fallen full length in the water dammed the very stream. ([Location 13007](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13007)) > Young fool, what a mindless heart you have. Can you not even now remember all the evils we endured here by Ilion, you and I alone of the gods, when to proud Laomedon we came down from Zeus and for a year were his servants 445  for a stated hire, and he told us what to do, and to do it? ([Location 13186](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13186)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > But when the changing seasons brought on the time for our labor to be paid, then headstrong Laomedon violated and made void all our hire, and sent us away, and sent threats after us. ([Location 13193](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13193)) > insignificant mortals, who are as leaves are, and now flourish and grow warm 465  with life, and feed on what the ground gives, but then again fade away and are dead. ([Location 13205](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13205)) > lady of showering arrows ([Location 13220](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13220)) > Zeus has made you a lion among women, ([Location 13223](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13223)) > ambrosial veil trembled about her. ([Location 13244](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13244)) > Artemis sweet-garlanded lady of clamors ([Location 13248](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13248)) > Achilleus sprang in chase of him ([Location 13328](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13328)) - Note: Squirrel! > Now you have robbed me of great glory, and rescued these people lightly, ([Location 13353](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13353)) > but when an old man is dead and down, and the dogs mutilate 75  the gray head and the gray beard and the parts that are secret, this, for all sad mortality, is the sight most pitiful.” ([Location 13403](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13403)) > And the shivers took hold of Hektor when he saw him, and he could no longer stand his ground there, but left the gates behind, and fled, frightened, and Peleus’ son went after him in the confidence of his quick feet. ([Location 13457](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13457)) > But when for the fourth time they had come around to the well springs then the Father balanced his golden scales, and in them 210  he set two fateful portions of death, ([Location 13521](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13521)) > I fled three times around the great city of Priam, ([Location 13559](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13559)) > As there are no trustworthy oaths between men and lions, nor wolves and lambs ([Location 13569](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13569)) > Be careful now; for I might be made into the gods’ curse upon you, on that day when Paris and Phoibos Apollo destroy you in the Skaian gates, for all your valor.” ([Location 13654](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13654)) > soul fluttering free of the limbs went down into Death’s house mourning her destiny, leaving youth and manhood behind her. ([Location 13658](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13658)) > “See now, Hektor is much softer to handle than he was when he set the ships ablaze with the burning firebrand.” ([Location 13668](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13668)) > I must be suppliant to this man, who is harsh and violent, and he might have respect for my age and take pity upon it 420  since I am old, and his father also is old, as I am, Peleus, who begot and reared him to be an affliction on the Trojans. ([Location 13708](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13708)) > Three times, mourning, they drove their horses with flowing manes about the body, ([Location 13806](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13806)) > wine-blue water, ([Location 13922](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13922)) > Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, drove the dogs back from him by day and night, and anointed him with rosy immortal oil, so Achilleus, when he dragged him about, might not tear him. ([Location 13959](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13959)) > You mean to take my prize away from me, ([Location 14278](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14278)) > and the herald put the staff into his hand and gave the call for the Argives to be silent. ([Location 14299](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14299)) - Note: Talking stick > Agamemnon, ([Location 14584](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14584)) > “Son of Atreus, for we know how much you surpass all others, by how much you are greatest for strength among the spear-throwers, therefore take this prize and keep it and go back to your hollow ships; but let us give the spear to the hero Meriones; if your own heart would have it this way, for so I invite you.” ([Location 14586](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14586)) - Note: Very proper. Political. > because of the delusion of Paris who insulted the goddesses when they came to him in his courtyard ([Location 14619](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14619)) > “So be it. He can bring the ransom and take off the body, 140  if the Olympian himself so urgently bids it.” ([Location 14716](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14716)) > Dung lay thick on the head and neck of the aged man, ([Location 14738](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14738)) > If it is my destiny 225  to die there by the ships of the bronze-armored Achaians, then I wish that. ([Location 14792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14792)) - Note: Amor fatim-stoicism > Such was their burial of Hektor, breaker of horses. ([Location 15308](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15308)) > Will of Zeus. Two possible references: before the events of the Iliad, Zeus had promised Earth (Gaia) to relieve the oppressive weight of people on her surface, and allowed the Trojan War to lessen the population (as the now lost epic Cypria narrated). Within the time frame of the Iliad, the fulfillment of Zeus’ will can refer to the carrying out of his plan (at Thetis’ request) to honor Achilleus by letting his comrades suffer in his absence. ([Location 15333](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15333)) > A common pattern: nine days or years represent an unmarked stretch of time that is then contrasted with and fulfilled by a significant tenth day or year. The ten years of the war itself fit this template. ([Location 15348](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15348)) > Achilleus mentions carrying out twenty-three earlier raids ([Location 15366](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15366)) > The purification is to remove the pollution (miasma) caused by angering Apollo in dishonoring his priest Chryses. ([Location 15392](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15392)) > (that he can choose a short life with glory or a long life without it). ([Location 15402](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15402)) > Clasping the knees is the regular gesture made by one supplicating a person in a more powerful position. ([Location 15408](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15408)) > Hephaistos tells a quite different story at 18.395–405, where it is Hera herself who threw him out of Olympos, ashamed of his lameness. Thetis at that time rescued and for nine years sheltered him—perhaps a cause for Hera’s apparent antagonism toward the nymph now. ([Location 15423](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15423)) > Greeks first resemble swarming bees (hence dangerous, but numerous, organized, and acting communally). ([Location 15448](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15448)) > His father Atreus won the kingship of Mykenai after a dispute with his brother Thyestes; after learning that Thyestes had seduced his wife, Atreus killed, cooked, and served to Thyestes his own children. The son of Thyestes, Aigisthos, will kill Agamemnon (with the aid of Agamemnon’s wife Klytaimestra) on his arrival home. ([Location 15452](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15452)) > The intervention of Hera and Athene, based on their favoring the Greek side, goes back to their resentment at being rejected in the judgment of Paris, although it is put in the language of fairness and the efforts of the Achaians. ([Location 15463](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15463)) > Zeus swallowed Mêtis, one of his consorts, out of fear that a son greater than himself would come from her; Athene subsequently emerged from his head. ([Location 15467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15467)) > Athenian life was organized along lines of clan (phrêtrai: literally “brotherhood”) and tribe (phula). ([Location 15489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15489)) > At the same time, the alignments of ethnicities, cities, and political connections seem mainly to reflect later Iron Age conditions. ([Location 15511](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15511)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > 530 This is the only example in Homer in which “Hellenes” means all Greeks (as do the synonymous Danaäns, Argives, and Achaians), ([Location 15526](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15526)) > intended to make a political claim for Salamis in the face of competition from Megara. ([Location 15536](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15536)) > The Trojans often are associated with noise or confused languages (e.g., 2.810), while the Greeks move in silence (4.429). ([Location 15564](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15564)) > The terms of the agreement make clear that it was not simply the abduction (or elopement) of Helen, but also the taking of possessions from the palace of Menelaos that provided the rationale for war. ([Location 15573](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15573)) > The black lamb is for Earth, the white for Sun, in accordance with Greek ideas of offerings appropriate for chthonic (earthbound) versus Olympian deities. ([Location 15575](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15575)) > Machaon (“Battler”) is one of two doctors in the field, his brother Podaleirios being the other; both are sons of the healing hero Asklepios (2.731), a son of Apollo by Coronis. ([Location 15643](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15643)) > A pun underlies Odysseus’ mention of his son, Telemachos (“far-fighter”), since “champion” is literally “near-fighter” (promakhos). ([Location 15652](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15652)) > The disciplined silence of the Greeks is contrasted several times with Trojan noise (e.g., 3.1–10), which is here further related to the linguistic diversity of the Trojan side. ([Location 15659](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15659)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In such images as this (enemies lying next to one another in the dust) the poem draws attention to the common humanity and shared fate of the opposed sides. ([Location 15665](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15665)) > The Trojans and their allies are consistently depicted as worshiping the same gods as the Greeks ([Location 15672](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15672)) > Trojans to sheep ([Location 15692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15692)) > But blood is generated by human food and drink; the gods therefore do not eat food, but survive on nectar and ambrosia (literally “the immortal”). This idea avoids conflict with the notion that they appreciate sacrificial smoke and libations, as we do not hear of them directly consuming such nourishment. ([Location 15708](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15708)) > The motif of friends or equipment being powerless to save one in battle punctuates the poem: ([Location 15752](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15752)) > The oak tree, marking a spot near the Skaian gates of the city (6.237), is regularly associated with safety, while the fig tree gets mentioned at moments of danger ([Location 15820](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15820)) > Another abrupt surprise: the proposal by Antenor to give back Helen sets up the forceful rejection by Paris, albeit with the concession that he is willing to return Menelaos’ treasures along with punitive damages. ([Location 15853](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15853)) > The moving scene of each army trying to recognize their dead, side by side, is given added emotional impact by the complete silence. The basic human sameness of Greek and Trojan is emphasized by the exact repetition of phrases to describe either side’s actions. ([Location 15855](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15855)) > A subtle touch of class distinction relevant to aristocratic gift-economy: the Atreidai get their wine free, while the ordinary troops must barter for it (even trading slaves). ([Location 15866](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15866)) > Tritogeneia was obscure even in antiquity as an epithet for Athene. ([Location 15873](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15873)) > But a balance is not a dice toss: it vividly makes concrete the decision he had already reached in agreeing with Thetis to honor Achilleus. The only other time Zeus employs it, Hektor’s doom tips down: ([Location 15879](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15879)) > The implicit contract (wine and food in exchange for fighting) is the background for the nearly comic rhetoric of Hektor to his horses (185) urging them to repay their upkeep. ([Location 15883](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15883)) > Kleopatra, whose brief biography is given at 556, has a name that matches semantically “Patroklos,” both meaning “ancestor glory.” ([Location 15983](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15983)) > 269 ([Location 16045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16045)) > In the midst of masculine combat, the strongest expression of pain is childbirth pangs. As it was at Menelaos’ wounding (4.141), women’s experience is recalled via simile. ([Location 16045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16045)) > With the sustained attack on its wall, the Greek camp comes to resemble a miniature Troy, a defensive site, enabling the audience to imagine the ineffectiveness of a Greek assault on the much sturdier and taller city ramparts. ([Location 16087](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16087)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Favored as he thinks he is by Zeus, Hektor scorns omens. The striking line 243 (“One bird sign is best . . . ”) was a favorite in antiquity: Pliny the Younger recalls (Letter 1.18.3) how as an eighteen-year-old apprentice Roman lawyer (in 80 AD), he plucked up his courage with this sentiment. Teachers of rhetoric in the fourth century AD were still urging pupils to make use of the maxim. ([Location 16096](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16096)) > In addition to outlining the economy of heroism, Sarpedon implies that war itself is a non-zero-sum game in which one can get glory by slaying but also give it by being slain. ([Location 16104](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16104)) > The righteousness of these tribes accords with the mythical notion that peoples furthest removed in time or space from current civilization are least damaged by its problems. ([Location 16118](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16118)) - Note: Noble savages > The story of his defeat by Odysseus and subsequent suicide was part of the Cyclic Little Iliad and is dramatized in the Ajax of Sophocles. ([Location 16143](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16143)) > The Cretan king Minos, a son of Zeus, was keeper, in the famous labyrinth, of the Minotaur, a bull-headed human-bodied monster that met its end at the hands of the Athenian hero Theseus. ([Location 16152](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16152)) > A grimmer version of Achilleus’ choice (9.410). Euchenor can have death by disease or by war; at least the latter relieves him of paying a fine (apparently levied on war dodgers: see 23.296 on Echepolos). ([Location 16165](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16165)) > Hera’s anger leads her to use sex as a weapon. The extended scene of preparation is therefore the functional equivalent of a warrior’s arming scene. ([Location 16192](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16192)) > The penalty for a god breaking an oath sworn by Styx is to lie in a death-like trance for one year and spend the next nine cut off from the company of the Olympians (Theogony 738). ([Location 16201](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16201)) > Zeus omits the detail that Semele was incinerated when she persuaded him to appear in all his glory and Dionysos was rescued from her womb. ([Location 16208](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16208)) > The goriness of this killing, culminating in a horrific exhibition and taunt, reinforces the feeling that all boundaries to the excesses of war have been removed. The ferocious cycle accelerates as men kill in order to avenge their comrades. ([Location 16215](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16215)) > Hera was constantly opposed to Herakles (whose name ironically means “glory of Hera”) ([Location 16220](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16220)) > The gesture of smacking the thighs with the palms portends imminent death ([Location 16226](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16226)) > The death of a god’s son (cf. the similar scene of Sarpedon’s killing in book 16) shows how the fear of dissent on Olympos is what determines ([Location 16227](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16227)) > The unwillingness of Zeus to brook a rival who would declare himself equal echoes Agamemnon’s problem with Achilleus ([Location 16229](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16229)) > Ironically, the Trojans mistake Zeus’ thunder, which was made in positive response to Nestor’s prayer, as an indication that he is still supporting their attack. ([Location 16243](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16243)) > The scene is unusual, finally, because elsewhere in the Iliad a god never grants only half a prayer. ([Location 16276](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16276)) > The flood tied to Zeus’ punishment of wrongdoing resembles the biblical account (Genesis 6–9). Although missing from Hesiod’s Theogony, the flood tale appears to be a regional commonplace, showing up in early Near Eastern literature, such as Gilgamesh. ([Location 16279](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16279)) > The pervasive folk tradition that a dying person’s last words are prophetic can be seen already at work here. Cf. Socrates’ at his trial predicting punishment for the Athenians (Plato, Apology, 39c). ([Location 16305](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16305)) > Glaukos, who has once before shamed Hektor into fighting, uses exactly the words of Achilleus against Agamemnon (9.316–17) to complain that he and his men are treated unfairly by the Trojan prince and to threaten to leave. He wants Patroklos’ corpse as a bargaining chip to regain the armor of his friend Sarpedon—not as a prop for the glorification of Hektor. ([Location 16317](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16317)) > The recompense theme is kept going in a minor key as Hippothoös, in dying while doing a favor for Hektor, fails to return to his parents what he owes for his upbringing. ([Location 16324](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16324)) > The golden robot maidens are described in terms similar to those used for Pandora (Hesiod, Works and Days, 70–82), gifted by all the gods with adornment and endowments. ([Location 16368](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16368)) > The city at peace, along with its harmonies of music and marriage, also contains disputes, but has a legal framework to deal with them. ([Location 16375](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16375)) > Infusion of the divine food and drink, nectar and ambrosia, gives a sort of immortality to Patroklos’ flesh. Ancient Egyptian embalming practice involved extractions and infusions through the nostrils (Herodotus, 2.86). ([Location 16386](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16386)) > The Iliad depicts Aphrodite as daughter of Zeus, in contrast to the well-known version in Hesiod’s Theogony (190–206) according to which she arose in the open sea from the cast-off genitals of his grandfather Ouranos, and is thus older than the Olympian cohort. The latter version would make her more like Thetis, connected to open water. ([Location 16425](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16425)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In other sources, three Moirai (Klotho, Lachesis, and Atropos) are responsible, respectively, for spinning, measuring, and cutting off the lifethread. ([Location 16433](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16433)) > The survival of Aineias is necessary in order to start another chain of saga, culminating ultimately in the foundation account of Rome (elaborated by the Latin authors Virgil [Aeneid] and Livy [History of Rome]). ([Location 16443](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16443)) > A woman’s death in illness or childbirth could be said to have been caused by arrows shot by Artemis. The usage may be connected with the goddess’s imagined role in symbolic mock “killing” of girls during initiation rituals. The sacrifice of Iphigeneia to Artemis, enabling the Greek expedition to set sail at Aulis (an event ignored by the Iliad), has been tied to such an initiatory motif. ([Location 16482](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16482)) > The book is structured around dual deceptions by gods, who arrive finally at stunned recognition (anagnôrisis, in later Greek literary analysis): Achilleus is tricked by Apollo, as Hektor is by Athene. ([Location 16489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16489)) > As earlier (6.441), Hektor is trapped by his sense of shame and pride, always imagining (to the extent of quoting) what others will say. ([Location 16499](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16499)) > The hot and cold springs are not only expressive of the heroes who run past them (Achilleus, who has been compared to a blazing fire; Hektor, who feels chill fear). They also embody the open and peaceful existence of earlier Troy in contrast to its present pent-in terror. ([Location 16501](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16501)) > Riding around the honored dead warrior on his pyre may be an ancient Indo-European custom: cf. the ceremony at Beowulf 3169–82. ([Location 16525](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16525)) > Achilleus understands the look and words of Patroklos to indicate that soul (psykhê) and image (eidôlon) survive death. That he draws the conclusion about the absence of the “heart of life” (phrenes, the seat of intelligence, in Homer) is not surprising, since Greeks connected thought and consciousness closely with physical organs. The phrenes were localized near the lungs. ([Location 16532](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16532)) > A minor but illuminating detail, revealing that at least one potential recruit could buy his way out of service at Troy with a gift to the commander. ([Location 16545](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16545)) > The first instance of sports betting in Western literature is proposed to depend not on the outcome but on the jockeys’ positions midrace. ([Location 16553](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16553)) > Hermes (here “Argeïphontes,” ([Location 16582](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16582)) > This is the only Iliad passage referring to the judgment of Paris. His choice of Aphrodite to receive the apple designated “for the fairest” was taken by the two other competing goddesses, Hera and Athene, as an insult. Aphrodite’s reward for his choice (the favors of Helen) started the war. ([Location 16585](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16585)) > The befouling of head and neck symbolically expresses the wish for the living lamenter to be close to the corpse’s condition. ([Location 16594](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16594)) > Kassandra, fairest of Priam’s daughters (13.366), in other sources is said to have spurned Apollo’s love, and as punishment her warnings to the Trojans were never believed. At the fall of Troy, she is dragged away from her refuge at Athene’s altar, although clasping the statue of the goddess, and raped by Aias the son of Oïleus. ([Location 16619](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16619)) > The poem ends with a glimmer of hope: the doomed Achilleus relents long enough to allow the enemy to bury their champion. That the emotional climax should center not on Achilleus but his victim Hektor (shown to be every bit as heroic as the Greeks) speaks for the deep humanity of the whole composition. ([Location 16630](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16630)) # The Iliad of Homer  ## Metadata - Author:: [[Homer, Richard Martin, and Richmond Lattimore]] - Full Title:: The Iliad of Homer - Category: #books ## Highlights > Unlike many a later epic (including Virgil’s Aeneid), this poem does not deal with ethnic, national, religious, or ideological conflicts and aspirations. ([Location 66](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=66)) > The Iliad is about heroes as humans, and what constitutes humanity. Its enduring value lies in the poem’s recognition that even the worst enemies are deeply, fundamentally the same—desirous of glory and immortality, while subject to pain and death. Its power—like that of so much Greek literature—comes from the realistic depiction of mortals as they gradually learn that they can never be gods. In this existential recognition, it transcends the anxieties of tribe or state. ([Location 69](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=69)) > dates for the Trojan War from 1184 BC (Eratosthenes), to around 1250 BC (Herodotus) to 1334 BC (Douris). ([Location 80](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=80)) > The poem’s concentrated force relies on an audience that already knows most of the basic details about the struggle, an audience that has probably encountered many other versions of the tale of Troy, from tellers whose names we will never discover. ([Location 94](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=94)) > The Romans had further reasons for venerating Troy, since it was claimed that they were direct descendants of the Trojan hero Aeneas, who escaped the city’s destruction and traveled with his kin to Italy to start afresh. ([Location 104](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=104)) > Byzantium (the inheritor of the eastern Roman empire), ([Location 110](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=110)) > The Iliad, in fact, represents the number of far-flung Trojan allies as far outnumbering fighters from the city itself and, since they speak many languages, harder to control than the unified Greek forces ([Location 171](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=171)) > Egyptian inscriptions of the era refer to problems with marauding “Sea Peoples,” possibly coming from the east. ([Location 176](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=176)) > Armed with Aphrodite’s seductive wiles, he persuaded Helen to elope with him to Troy, taking with her much of her husband’s wealth and leaving behind a nine-year-old daughter, Hermione. ([Location 241](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=241)) > Ironically, Odysseus himself had been tricked into going to the war from his home island: an earlier recruiting party had placed his infant son Telemachos in front of the plow driven erratically by Odysseus while he feigned madness. It was clear he was sane when he swerved aside. ([Location 254](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=254)) > Artemis sends contrary winds against the fleet in punishment for Agamemnon’s killing of a sacred stag. ([Location 259](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=259)) > Iphigeneia, ([Location 260](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=260)) > fifth-century dramas of Aeschylus (Agamemnon) and Euripides (Iphigeneia at Aulis). ([Location 263](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=263)) > Achilleus himself boasts of leading twenty-three such raids (9.328–29). Chryseis, the priest’s daughter whose ransoming sparks the Iliad’s central quarrel, was acquired as a captive in one of these forays (1.366–69), the same one that killed the father and brothers of Andromache, Hektor’s wife, in Thebes (6.414–28), while Achilleus gained his own war bride Briseis in yet another, at Lyrnessos (2.688–93). ([Location 271](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=271)) > cause, effect, solution— ([Location 280](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=280)) > Meanwhile, he begs his divine mother Thetis to pressure Zeus to favor the Trojans temporarily, thus punishing the Greeks who he thinks dishonor him. ([Location 285](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=285)) > It is not accidental that the name Akhilleus is most plausibly etymologized as “grief [akhos] for the fighters [laos].” ([Location 303](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=303)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Athene’s wrath at the desecration of her altar hounds the Greeks—including Odysseus—on their journey home. ([Location 323](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=323)) > Achilleus’ relationship with Patroklos looks remarkably like the bond between Enkidu and Gilgamesh, the protagonist of an epic tradition reaching back to 2000 BC and widespread for 1,500 years in the region of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (modern Iraq). ([Location 353](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=353)) > Life is a struggle each person will ultimately always lose; the question is how one acts with that knowledge. ([Location 399](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=399)) > In line with this view of the afterlife, it is well understood that a life on earth of striving, even of pain, is preferable to an eternity of gloom. ([Location 410](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=410)) > Their clash over entitlement emphasizes the disequilibrium between authority and ability, a mismatch familiar still today between those with power and those with talent. ([Location 433](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=433)) > Achilleus’ rage persists even after he kills his friend’s slayer, leading him to mistreat Hektor’s corpse, dragging it behind his chariot as he races around the ramparts each day, a taunt to the Trojans and a horrific continuation of revenge. ([Location 471](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=471)) > Achilleus looks and acts like Apollo. ([Location 503](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=503)) > Aphrodite, goddess of sex and desire, is the distant cause of the conflict, inasmuch as it was she who gifted Paris with the ability to seduce Helen (in return for his naming her fairest among goddesses). She is also the mother of the Trojan ally Aeneas (the ultimate ancestor of the Romans), and therefore is devoted to the Trojan cause. ([Location 513](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=513)) > On the other hand, Andromache, wife of Hektor, is shown possessing a combination of strength and tender vulnerability that is never on view among divine females. She is clearly the summit of feminine virtue in the poem. ([Location 573](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=573)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Helen’s mother was commonly said to be the Spartan woman queen Leda, impregnated by Zeus in the form of a swan, ([Location 578](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=578)) > the famous Athenian magistrate Solon inserted line 2.558 to support the claims that Athens made to sovereignty over the nearby island Salamis. ([Location 688](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=688)) > The further notion that a criminal brings pollution (miasma) on his entire community underlies the assumption that all of Troy must suffer for the delict of Paris. ([Location 714](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=714)) > In the Iliad, we see that Athene’s shrine is at the center of Troy (disconcertingly, since she is opposed to the Trojans). ([Location 729](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=729)) > Five such displays support the middle arc of the poem: those of Diomedes (book 5), Agamemnon (11), Hektor (15), Patroklos (16), and Achilleus (19 through 22). The catalogic technique—listing the named victims of a warrior, with kaleidoscopic variations on their deaths—is closely related (e.g., the lists starting at 5.35 and 5.703). ([Location 916](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=916)) > The finale, meanwhile, mirrors the opening of the poem: an aged father, in each, comes at great risk to the Greek camp to ransom a child (Chryseis/Hektor) and is met by a chieftain—though with opposite results. Such large-scale patterning suggests that the Iliad has been planned and plotted as an organic and rounded whole. ([Location 928](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=928)) > When he speeds in his gleaming bronze and gold toward Troy, Achilleus is first espied by Priam, to whom he seems like a star—specifically, like Orion’s Dog (Sirius), most prominent in autumn and a sign of distress and fever. ([Location 1002](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1002)) > But what does emerge from the juxtaposition is the brusque, war-hastened quality of Agamemnon’s camp sacrifice, as opposed to the leisurely homecoming celebration conducted by Chryses. ([Location 1025](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1025)) > The text itself survived transitions of medium from oral poem to papyrus scroll to handwritten codex, then (in 1488, in the Florentine edition of Demetrius Chalcondyles) made the leap to the new technology of the printed book, and finally has become available, with the rest of Greek literature, in digital form. ([Location 1090](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1090)) > The Odyssey provides a satisfying ending: spouses reunited, a family reintegrated, a community revived. ([Location 1101](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1101)) > In the Gallipoli campaign of 1915 more than 130,000 soldiers died on both sides of the conflict over the Dardanelles—a few dozen kilometers from the site of ruined Troy. ([Location 1144](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1144)) > but already by the fifth century BC, Aeschylus explicitly made it homoerotic, with Achilleus recalling the thighs and kisses of his friend. ([Location 1174](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1174)) > “Never let me find you again, old sir, near our hollow ships, neither lingering now nor coming again hereafter, for fear your staff and the god’s ribbons help you no longer. ([Location 1422](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1422)) > burned all the rich thigh pieces of bulls, of goats, ([Location 1434](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1434)) > Apollo the lord who strikes from afar. ([Location 1465](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1465)) > Find me then some prize that shall be my own, lest I only among the Argives go without, since that were unfitting; ([Location 1502](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1502)) > “Son of Atreus, most lordly, greediest for gain of all men, ([Location 1506](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1506)) > I for my part did not come here for the sake of the Trojan spearmen to fight against them, since to me they have done nothing. Never yet have they driven away my cattle or my horses, 155  never in Phthia where the soil is rich and men grow great did they spoil my harvest, since indeed there is much that lies between us, the shadowy mountains and the echoing sea; ([Location 1532](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1532)) > Now I am returning to Phthia, since it is much better 170  to go home again with my curved ships, and I am minded no longer to stay here dishonored and pile up your wealth and your luxury.” ([Location 1547](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1547)) > The goddess standing behind Peleus’ son caught him by the fair hair, ([Location 1572](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1572)) > “You wine sack, with a dog’s eyes, with a deer’s heart. ([Location 1597](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1597)) > Nestor the fair-spoken rose up, the lucid speaker of Pylos, from whose lips the streams of words ran sweeter than honey. ([Location 1617](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1617)) > “So must I be called of no account and a coward if I must carry out every order you may happen to give me. 295  Tell other men to do these things, but give me no more commands, since I for my part have no intention to obey you. ([Location 1656](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1656)) > These then putting out went over the ways of the water while Atreus’ son told his people to wash off their defilement. And they washed it away and threw the washings into the salt sea. ([Location 1673](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1673)) > Myrmidons. ([Location 1687](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1687)) - Note: Antmen > But Achilleus weeping went and sat in sorrow apart from his companions 350  beside the beach of the gray sea looking out on the infinite water. Many times stretching forth his hands he called on his mother: ([Location 1705](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1705)) - Note: Mommy, the Greeks boys took away my Barbie & said mean things to me. > We went against Thebe, the sacred city of Eëtion, and the city we sacked, and carried everything back to this place, and the sons of the Achaians made a fair distribution and for Atreus’ son they chose out Chryseis of the fair cheeks. ([Location 1720](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1720)) > Sit beside him and take his knees and remind him of these things now, if perhaps he might be willing to help the Trojans, and pin the Achaians back against the ships and the water, 410  dying, so that thus they may all have profit of their own king, that Atreus’ son wide-ruling Agamemnon may recognize his madness, that he did no honor to the best of the Achaians.” ([Location 1756](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1756)) > Beat aside at last the shameful plague from the Danaäns.” ([Location 1799](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1799)) > They set up the mast again and spread on it the white sails, and the wind blew into the middle of the sail, and at the cutwater a blue wave rose and sang strongly as the ship went onward. ([Location 1820](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1820)) > She came and sat beside him with her left hand embracing his knees, but took him underneath the chin with her right hand and spoke in supplication ([Location 1838](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1838)) > “This is a disastrous matter when you set me in conflict with Hera, and she troubles me with recriminations. ([Location 1853](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1853)) > There was a time once before now I was minded to help you, and he caught me by the foot and threw me from the magic threshold, and all day long I dropped helpless, and about sunset I landed in Lemnos, and there was not much life left in me. ([Location 1917](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1917)) > So he spoke and went away, and left Agamemnon there, believing things in his heart that were not to be accomplished. ([Location 1967](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=1967)) > Like the swarms of clustering bees that issue forever in fresh bursts from the hollow in the stone, and hang like bunched grapes as they hover beneath the flowers in springtime 90  fluttering in swarms together this way and that way, ([Location 2012](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2012)) > Powerful Agamemnon stood up holding the scepter Hephaistos had wrought him carefully. ([Location 2024](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2024)) > And now nine years of mighty Zeus have gone by, and the timbers of our ships have rotted away and the cables are broken ([Location 2052](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2052)) > and the men in tumult swept to the ships, and underneath their feet the dust lifted and rose high, and the men were all shouting to one another to lay hold on the ships and drag them down to the bright sea. They cleaned out the keel channels and their cries hit skyward as they made for home and snatched the props from under the vessels. ([Location 2066](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2066)) > disappointment touched his heart and his spirit. ([Location 2085](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2085)) > So he spoke and dashed the scepter against his back and shoulders, and he doubled over, and a round tear dropped from him, and a bloody welt stood up between his shoulders under the golden scepter’s stroke, and he sat down again, frightened, in pain, and looking helplessly about wiped off the tear-drops. ([Location 2167](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2167)) > As this snake has eaten the sparrow herself with her children, eight of them, and the mother was the ninth, who bore them, so for years as many as this shall we fight in this place and in the tenth year we shall take the city of the wide ways.’ ([Location 2221](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2221)) - Note: 10 years > Therefore let no man be urgent to take the way homeward 355  until after he has lain in bed with the wife of a Trojan to avenge Helen’s longing to escape and her lamentations. ([Location 2245](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2245)) > Set your men in order by tribes, by clans, Agamemnon, and let clan go in support of clan, let tribe support tribe. ([Location 2252](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2252)) - Note: Civil war system of keeping troops from cities or regions together. > For I and Achilleus fought together for a girl’s sake in words’ violent encounter, and I was the first to be angry. If ever we can take one single counsel, then no longer 380  shall the Trojans’ evil be put aside, not even for a small time. ([Location 2264](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2264)) > each man making a sacrifice to some one of the immortal gods, in prayer to escape death and the grind of Ares. ([Location 2285](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2285)) > Skamandros, ([Location 2341](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2341)) > Agamemnon, with eyes and head like Zeus who delights in thunder, like Ares for girth, and with the chest of Poseidon; 480  like some ox of the herd pre-eminent among the others, ([Location 2352](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2352)) - Note: Opposed to earlier account of his holding back > Zeus made him that day, conspicuous among men, and foremost among the fighters. ([Location 2356](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2356)) > wine-blue sea ([Location 2467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2467)) - Note: Wine-dark sea > But Achilleus lay apart among his curved sea-wandering vessels, raging at Agamemnon, ([Location 2603](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2603)) > who confident in the speed of his feet kept watch for the Trojans aloft the ancient burial mound of ancient Aisyetes, ([Location 2621](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2621)) - Note: Iris appears as Lookout > but multitudinous is the speech of the scattered nations: ([Location 2632](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2632)) - Note: Many cities sent reinforcements to troy > Aineias, ([Location 2646](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2646)) - Note: Father of Romulus & remix, founders of time. Virgil > when the cranes escape the winter time and the rains unceasing 5   and clamorously wing their way to the streaming Ocean, bringing to the Pygmaian men bloodshed and destruction: ([Location 2700](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2700)) > Alexandros ([Location 2723](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2723)) - Note: Also named Paris > looks are handsome, but there is no strength in your heart, no courage. ([Location 2736](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2736)) > The lyre would not help you then, nor the favors of Aphrodite, 55  nor your locks, when you rolled in the dust, nor all your beauty. ([Location 2743](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2743)) > No, but the Trojans are cowards in truth, else long before this you had worn a mantle of flying stones for the wrong you did us.” ([Location 2745](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2745)) - Note: Hector to Paris. We should have stoned you to death. > Terrible is the likeness of her face to immortal goddesses. ([Location 2835](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2835)) - Note: Helen disliked > I am not blaming you: to me the gods are blameworthy 165  who drove upon me this sorrowful war against the Achaians. ([Location 2840](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2840)) - Note: Priam blames the gods, not helen > And thus would murmur any man, Achaian or Trojan: “Zeus, exalted and mightiest, and you other immortals, let those, whichever side they may be, who do wrong to the oaths sworn 300  first, let their brains be spilled on the ground as this wine is spilled now, theirs and their sons’, and let their wives be the spoil of others.” ([Location 2958](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2958)) > First he placed along his legs the fair greaves linked with silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet of Lykaon his brother since this fitted him also. Across his shoulders he slung the sword with the nails of silver, 335  a bronze sword, and above it the great shield, huge and heavy. Over his powerful head he set the well-fashioned helmet with the horse-hair crest, and the plumes nodded terribly above it. He took up a strong-shafted spear that fitted his hand’s grip. In the same way warlike Menelaos put on his armor. ([Location 2987](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=2987)) > that any one of the men to come may shudder to think of doing evil to a kindly host, who has given him friendship.” ([Location 3007](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3007)) - Tags: [[favorite]] - Note: Code of hospitality. Xenia > Aphrodite daughter of Zeus watched sharply. 375  She broke the chinstrap, ([Location 3026](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3026)) > But Aphrodite caught up Paris easily, since she was divine, and wrapped him in a thick mist and set him down again in his own perfumed bedchamber. ([Location 3032](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3032)) > She, as she recognized the round, sweet throat of the goddess and her desirable breasts and her eyes that were full of shining, ([Location 3046](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3046)) > “Strange divinity! Why are you still so stubborn to beguile me? ([Location 3049](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3049)) > “Wretched girl, do not tease me lest in anger I forsake you 415  and grow to hate you as much as now I terribly love you, lest I encompass you in hard hate, caught between both sides, Danaäns and Trojans alike, and you wretchedly perish.” ([Location 3061](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3061)) > Aphrodite the sweetly laughing drew up an armchair, ([Location 3071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3071)) > We have gods on our side also. ([Location 3085](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3085)) > These would not have hidden him for love, if any had seen him, since he was hated among them all as dark death is hated. ([Location 3096](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3096)) > So spoke Athene, and persuaded the fool’s heart in him. ([Location 3194](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3194)) > Asklepios; ([Location 3283](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3283)) > Machaon. ([Location 3287](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3287)) > As from his watching place a goatherd watches a cloud move on its way over the sea before the drive of the west wind; far away though he be he watches it, blacker than pitch is, moving across the sea and piling the storm before it, ([Location 3346](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3346)) - Note: Black roller > and drove the cowards to the center 300  so that a man might be forced to fight even though unwilling. ([Location 3367](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3367)) > Since there was no speech nor language common to all of them but their talk was mixed, who were called there from many far places. ([Location 3487](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3487)) > son of Harmonides, the smith, who understood how to make with his hand all intricate things, since above all others Pallas Athene had loved him. He it was who had built for Alexandros the balanced ships, the beginning of the evil, fatal to the other Trojans, and to him, since he knew nothing of the gods’ plans. ([Location 3635](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3635)) > I have taken away the mist from your eyes, that before now was there, so that you may well recognize the god and the mortal. Therefore now, if a god making trial of you comes hither 130  do you not do battle head-on with the gods immortal, not with the rest; but only if Aphrodite, Zeus’ daughter, comes to the fighting, her at least you may stab with the sharp bronze.” ([Location 3698](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3698)) > Tydeus made a thrust against the soft hand with the bronze spear, and the spear tore the skin driven clean on through the immortal robe that the very Graces had woven for her carefully, ([Location 3884](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3884)) - Note: Usually love wounds one > ichor, ([Location 3888](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3888)) > but the Danaäns are beginning to fight even with the immortals.” ([Location 3923](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=3923)) > Now in turn Athene, daughter of Zeus of the aegis, beside the threshold of her father slipped off her elaborate 735  dress which she herself had wrought with her hands’ patience, and now assuming the war tunic of Zeus who gathers the clouds, she armed in her gear for the dismal fighting. And across her shoulders she threw the betasseled, terrible aegis, all about which Terror hangs like a garland, 740  and Hatred is there, and Battle Strength, and heart-freezing Onslaught and thereon is set the head of the grim gigantic Gorgon, a thing of fear and horror, portent of Zeus of the aegis. Upon her head she set the golden helm with its four sheets and two horns, wrought with the fighting men of a hundred cities. 745  She set her feet in the blazing chariot and took up a spear heavy, huge, thick, wherewith she beats down the battalions of fighting men, against whom she of mighty father is angered. ([Location 4232](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4232)) > wine-blue water, ([Location 4266](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4266)) > Pallas Athene, leaning in on it, drove it into the depth of the belly where the war belt girt him. ([Location 4342](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4342)) > and showed him the immortal blood dripping from the spear cut. So in sorrow for himself he addressed him in winged words: “Father Zeus, are you not angry looking on these acts of violence? We who are gods forever have to endure the most horrible hurts, by each other’s hatred, as we try to give favor to mortals. ([Location 4354](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4354)) > “Do not sit beside me and whine, you double-faced liar. 890  To me you are most hateful of all gods who hold Olympos. Forever quarreling is dear to your heart, wars and battles. Truly the anger of Hera your mother is grown out of all hand nor gives ground; and try as I may I am broken by her arguments, and it is by her impulse, I think, you are suffering all this. 895  And yet I will not long endure to see you in pain, since you are my child, and it was to me that your mother bore you. But were you born of some other god and proved so ruinous long since you would have been dropped beneath the gods of the bright sky.” ([Location 4371](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4371)) > Helenos, ([Location 4456](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4456)) - Note: Prophet but believed. Brother to casssndra > temple of gray-eyed Athene high on the citadel; ([Location 4467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4467)) - Note: Even though there hated troy. Why? > As is the generation of leaves, so is that of humanity. The wind scatters the leaves on the ground, but the live timber burgeons with leaves again in the season of spring returning. So one generation of men will grow while another 150  dies. ([Location 4518](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4518)) > murderous symbols, which he inscribed in a folding tablet, ([Location 4537](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4537)) > and asked to be shown the symbols, whatever he might be carrying from his son-in-law’, Proitos. Then after he had been given his son-in-laws wicked symbols first he sent him away with orders to kill the Chimaira ([Location 4544](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4544)) > How I wish at this moment the earth might open beneath him. The Olympian let him live, a great sorrow to the Trojans, and high-hearted Priam, and all of his children. ([Location 4636](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4636)) > She spoke in prayer, but Pallas Athene turned her head from her. ([Location 4663](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4663)) > “Brother by marriage to me, who am a nasty bitch evil-intriguing, 345  how I wish that on that day when my mother first bore me the foul whirlwind of the storm had caught me away and swept me to the mountain, or into the wash of the sea deep-thundering where the waves would have swept me away before all these things had happened. Yet since the gods had brought it about that these vile things must be, 350  I wish I had been the wife of a better man than this is, one who knew modesty and all things of shame that men say. But this man’s heart is no steadfast thing, nor yet will it be so ever hereafter; for that I think he shall take the consequence. ([Location 4692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4692)) > ‘He is better by far than his father,’ ([Location 4812](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4812)) > No man is going to hurl me to Hades, unless it is fated, but as for fate, I think that no man yet has escaped it once it has taken its first form, neither brave man nor coward. ([Location 4819](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4819)) > wine-blue water: ([Location 4938](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4938)) > While above us the threads of victory are held in the hands of the immortals.” ([Location 4949](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4949)) > Even Achilleus, in the fighting where men win glory, trembles to meet this man, and he is far better than you are. ([Location 4961](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4961)) > Nestor ([Location 4970](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=4970)) - Note: Blowhard > since I think that the man who was born and raised in Salamis, myself, is not such a novice.” ([Location 5036](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5036)) > And let us gather and pile one single mound on the corpse-pyre indiscriminately from the plain, and build fast upon it towered ramparts, to be a defense of ourselves and our vessels. ([Location 5158](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5158)) - Note: Why now & not 9 yrs ago? > Come then: let us give back Helen of Argos and all her possessions to the sons of Atreus to take away, seeing now we fight with our true pledges made into lies; and I see no good thing’s accomplishment for us in the end, unless we do this.” ([Location 5170](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5170)) > I refuse, straight out. I will not give back the woman. But of the possessions I carried away to our house from Argos I am willing to give all back, and to add to these from my own goods.” ([Location 5181](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5181)) > They found it hard to recognize each individual dead man; 425  but with water they washed away the blood ([Location 5235](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5235)) > Jason, ([Location 5275](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5275)) > but all night long Zeus of the counsels was threatening evil upon them in the terrible thunderstroke. Green fear took hold of them. 480   They spilled the wine on the ground from their cups, and none was so hardy as to drink, till he had poured to the all-powerful son of Kronos. They lay down thereafter and took the blessing of slumber. ([Location 5283](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5283)) > Tartaros, ([Location 5300](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5300)) > once hit in your car by the lightning stroke you could never have come back to Olympos, where is the place of the immortals.” ([Location 5692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5692)) > For the Trojans the daylight sank against their will, but for the Achaians sweet and thrice-supplicated was the coming on of the dark night. ([Location 5720](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5720)) > They accomplished likewise full sacrifices before the immortals, and the winds wafted the savor aloft from the plain to the heavens 550  in its fragrance; and yet the blessed gods took no part of it. They would not; so hateful to them was sacred Ilion, and Priam, and the city of Priam of the strong ash spear. ([Location 5775](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5775)) > A thousand fires were burning there in the plain, and beside each one sat fifty men in the flare of the blazing firelight. And standing each beside his chariot, champing white barley 565  and oats, the horses waited for the dawn to mount to her high place. ([Location 5787](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5787)) > spring dark-running ([Location 5804](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5804)) > let us run away with our ships ([Location 5814](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5814)) > The son of devious-devising Kronos has given you gifts in two ways: with the scepter he gave you honor beyond all, but he did not give you a heart, and of all power this is the greatest. ([Location 5823](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5823)) > when his spirit stirs him to speak for our good. ([Location 5880](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5880)) > For Hades gives not way, and is pitiless, and therefore he among all the gods is most hateful to mortals. ([Location 5929](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=5929)) > Agamemnon offers you worthy recompense if you change from your anger. ([Location 6020](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6020)) > But if the son of Atreus is too much hated in your heart, himself and his gifts, at least take pity on all the other Achaians, who are afflicted along the host, and will honor you as a god. ([Location 6055](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6055)) > For as I detest the doorways of Death, I detest that man, who hides one thing in the depths of his heart, and speaks forth another. ([Location 6065](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6065)) > Fate is the same for the man who holds back, the same if he fights hard. We are all held in a single honor, the brave with the weaklings. 320  A man dies still if he has done nothing, as one who has done much. ([Location 6071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6071)) > But I say that I have stormed from my ships twelve cities of men, and by land eleven more through the generous Troad. 330  From all these we took forth treasures, goodly and numerous, and we would bring them back, and give them to Agamemnon, Atreus’ son; while he, waiting back beside the swift ships, would take them, and distribute them little by little, and keep many. ([Location 6080](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6080)) - Note: Achilles the terrier. Independent contractor. Tom t hall ’the winner.’ > And why was it the son of Atreus assembled and led here these people? Was it not for the sake of lovely-haired Helen? 340  Are the sons of Atreus alone among mortal men the ones who love their wives? ([Location 6088](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6088)) > I have many possessions there that I left behind when I came here 365  on this desperate venture, and from here there is more gold, and red bronze, and fair-girdled women, and gray iron I will take back; ([Location 6111](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6111)) > He cheated me and he did me hurt. Let him not beguile me with words again. ([Location 6121](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6121)) > but a man’s life cannot come back again, it cannot be lifted nor captured again by force, once it has crossed the teeth’s barrier. ([Location 6150](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6150)) > I carry two sorts of destiny toward the day of my death. ([Location 6153](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6153)) > For Artemis, she of the golden chair, ([Location 6259](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6259)) > Erinys, ([Location 6293](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6293)) - Note: Fury > all the sorrows that come to men when their city is taken: they kill the men, and the fire leaves the city in ashes, and strangers lead the children away and the deep-girdled women. ([Location 6311](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6311)) > Diomedes of the great war cry spoke to them: “Son of Atreus, most lordly and king of men, Agamemnon, I wish you had not supplicated the blameless son of Peleus with innumerable gifts offered. He is a proud man without this, 700  and now you have driven him far deeper into his pride. Rather we shall pay him no more attention, whether he comes in with us or stays away. ([Location 6403](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6403)) > took the blessing of slumber. ([Location 6418](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6418)) > nor does my pulse beat steadily, but I go distracted, and my heart is pounding 95  through my chest, and my shining limbs are shaken beneath me. ([Location 6502](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6502)) > He spoke, and swore to an empty oath, and stirred the man onward. ([Location 6714](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6714)) > other, but their far-assembled companions in battle are sleeping, and pass on to the Trojans the duty of watching, since their own children do not lie nearby, nor their women.” ([Location 6792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6792)) - Note: The problem of mercenaries > He spoke, and the man was trying to reach his chin with his strong hand 455  and cling, and supplicate him, but he struck the middle of his neck with a sweep of the sword, and slashed clean through both tendons, and Dolon’s head still speaking dropped in the dust. ([Location 6822](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6822)) > Thracians. ([Location 6869](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6869)) - Note: Kara Thrace battlestar Galactica > single-foot ([Location 6897](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6897)) - Note: https://youtu.be/XKfHo934C3A > balanced ships up at the ends, ([Location 6942](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6942)) > And circled in the midst of all was the blank-eyed face of the Gorgon with her stare of horror, and Fear was inscribed upon it, and Terror. ([Location 6966](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6966)) > And the son of Kronos drove down the evil turmoil upon them, and from aloft cast down dews dripping blood from the sky, since he was minded 55  to hurl down a multitude of strong heads to the house of Hades. ([Location 6981](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=6981)) > he had opposed the return of Helen to fair-haired Menelaos. ([Location 7045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7045)) > who were lying along the ground, to delight no longer their wives, but the vultures. ([Location 7078](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7078)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, who was the first to come forth and stand against Agamemnon 220  of the very Trojans, or their renowned companions in battle. ([Location 7129](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7129)) > So Iphidamas fell there and went into the brazen slumber, unhappy, who came to help his own people, and left his young wife ([Location 7150](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7150)) - Note: Disappointed hopes > this is the blank weapon of a useless man, no fighter. ([Location 7284](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7284)) > A healer is a man worth many men in his knowledge 515  of cutting out arrows and putting kindly medicines on wounds.” ([Location 7394](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7394)) > and put kind medicines on it, good ones, which they say you have been told of by Achilleus, since Cheiron, most righteous of the Centaurs, told him about them. ([Location 7673](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7673)) > black blood ([Location 7686](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7686)) > So long as Hektor was still alive, and Achilleus was angry, so long as the citadel of lord Priam was a city untaken, for this time the great wall of the Achaians stood firm. ([Location 7699](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7699)) > Holding this shield in front of him, and shaking two spears, ([Location 7955](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=7955)) - Note: How did he hold a shield & 2 spears? > And Sarpedon, grabbing in both ponderous hands the battlements, pulled, and the whole thing came away in his hands, and the rampart was stripped defenseless above. ([Location 8044](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8044)) > Neither did the powerful shaker of the earth ([Location 8120](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8120)) > and the spear in his heart was stuck fast but the heart was panting still and beating to shake the butt end of the spear. ([Location 8505](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8505)) > be beaten down by you, Menelaos, ([Location 8648](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8648)) > Menelaos struck him as he came onward in the forehead over the base of the nose, and smashed the bones, so that both eyes dropped, bloody, and lay in the dust at his feet before him. ([Location 8659](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8659)) > But he found one man away to the left of the sorrowful battle, brilliant Alexandros, the lord of lovely-haired Helen, ([Location 8792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8792)) > But beyond his strength no man can fight, although he be eager.” ([Location 8811](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8811)) > filled up the long edge of the whole sea-coast, all that the two capes compassed between them. ([Location 8888](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8888)) > Oh, shame, for I think that all the other strong-greaved Achaians 50  are storing anger against me in their hearts, as Achilleus did, and no longer will fight for me by the grounded vessels.” ([Location 8900](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8900)) > There is no shame in running, even by night, from disaster. The man does better who runs from disaster than he who is caught by it.” ([Location 8928](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8928)) > word escaped your teeth’s barrier? ([Location 8931](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=8931)) > Lekton, where first they left the water, and went on 285  over dry land, and with their feet the top of the forest was shaken. ([Location 9107](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9107)) > and their dear parents knew nothing of it. ([Location 9118](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9118)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, ([Location 9306](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9306)) > Hera was smiling with her lips, but above the dark brows her forehead was not at peace. ([Location 9408](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9408)) > All was divided among us three ways, each given his domain. 190  I when the lots were shaken drew the gray sea to live in forever; Hades drew the lot of the mists and the darkness, and Zeus was allotted the wide sky, in the cloud and the bright air. ([Location 9485](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9485)) > But as a chalkline straightens the cutting of a ship’s timber in the hands of an expert carpenter, who by Athene’s inspiration is well versed in all his craft’s subtlety, so the battles fought by both sides were pulled fast and even. ([Location 9681](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9681)) - Note: Battled to a stand still > Do you expect, if our ships fall to helm-shining Hektor, 505  you will walk each of you back dryshod to the land of your fathers? ([Location 9764](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9764)) > But he, lit about with flame on all sides, charged on their numbers and descended upon them as descends on a fast ship the battering 625  wave storm-bred from beneath the clouds, and the ship goes utterly hidden under the foam, and the dangerous blast of the hurricane thunders against the sail, and the hearts of the seamen are shaken with fear, as they are carried only a little way out of death’s reach. ([Location 9869](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9869)) > Salvation’s light is in our hands’ work, not the mercy of battle.” ([Location 9972](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=9972)) > Give me your armor to wear on my shoulders into the fighting; so perhaps the Trojans might think I am you, ([Location 10013](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10013)) > So he spoke supplicating in his great innocence; this was his own death and evil destruction he was entreating. ([Location 10019](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10019)) > When you have driven them from the ships, come back; although later the thunderous lord of Hera might grant you the winning of glory, you must not set your mind on fighting the Trojans, whose delight 90  is in battle, without me. ([Location 10054](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10054)) > Tell me now, you Muses who have your homes on Olympos, ([Location 10077](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10077)) > Trojans threw weariless fire on the fast ship, ([Location 10086](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10086)) > He spoke, and Patroklos was helming himself in bronze that glittered. First he placed along his legs the beautiful greaves, linked with silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet starry and elaborate of swift-footed Aiakides. 135  Across his shoulders he slung the sword with the nails of silver, a bronze sword, and above it the great shield, huge and heavy. Over his mighty head he set the well-fashioned helmet with the horse-hair crest, and the plumes nodded terribly above it. He took up two powerful spears that fitted his hand’s grip, 140  only he did not take the spear of blameless Aiakides, huge, heavy, thick, which no one else of all the Achaians could handle, but Achilleus alone knew how to wield it; the Pelian ash spear which Cheiron had brought to his father from high on Pelion to be death for fighters. ([Location 10093](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10093)) > Fifty were the fast-running ships wherein Achilleus beloved of Zeus had led his men to Troy, and in each one 170  were fifty men, ([Location 10126](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10126)) > Polymele, ([Location 10137](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10137)) > Eileithyia ([Location 10142](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10142)) > Inside this lay a wrought goblet, nor did any other man drink the shining wine from it nor did Achilleus pour from it to any other god, but only Zeus father. ([Location 10176](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10176)) > Dodona, ([Location 10183](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10183)) > The father granted him one prayer, and denied him the other. That Patroklos should beat back the fighting assault on the vessels he allowed, but refused to let him come back safe out of the fighting. ([Location 10198](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10198)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In no good order they went back, while his fast-running horses carried Hektor away in his armor; he abandoned the people of the Trojans, who were trapped by the deep-dug ditch unwilling, ([Location 10303](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10303)) > in deep rage against mortals after they stir him to anger because in violent assembly they pass decrees that are crooked, and drive righteousness from among them and care nothing for what the gods think, ([Location 10320](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10320)) > hooked and dragged him with the spear over the rail, as a fisherman ([Location 10338](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10338)) > if you bring Sarpedon back to his home, still living, think how then some other one of the gods might also wish to carry his own son out of the strong encounter; since around the great city of Priam are fighting many sons of the immortals. You will waken grim resentment among them. ([Location 10372](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10372)) > Three times Patroklos tried to mount the angle of the towering wall, and three times Phoibos Apollo battered him backward with the immortal hands beating back the bright shield. ([Location 10601](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10601)) > But Hektor, when he saw high-hearted Patroklos trying to get away, saw how he was wounded with the sharp javelin, came close against him across the ranks, and with the spear stabbed him in the depth of the belly and drove the bronze clean through. He fell, thunderously, to the horror of all the Achaian people. ([Location 10703](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10703)) > Menelaos of the fair hair ([Location 10764](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10764)) > hard green fear ([Location 10807](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10807)) > we are going home, and the headlong destruction of Troy shall be manifest. ([Location 10885](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10885)) > but a son who never grew old in his father’s armor. ([Location 10923](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=10923)) > Since among all creatures that breathe on earth and crawl on it there is not anywhere a thing more dismal than man is. ([Location 11144](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11144)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > As when in the sky Zeus strings for mortals the shimmering rainbow, to be a portent and sign of war, or of wintry storm, ([Location 11234](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11234)) > In both hands he caught up the grimy dust, and poured it over his head and face, and fouled his handsome countenance, 25  and the black ashes were scattered over his immortal tunic. ([Location 11444](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11444)) > These things are brought to accomplishment 75  through Zeus: in the way that you lifted your hands and prayed for, that all the sons of the Achaians be pinned on their grounded vessels by reason of your loss, and suffer things that are shameful.” ([Location 11489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11489)) > and becomes a thing sweeter to him by far than the dripping of honey. ([Location 11522](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11522)) > Three times ([Location 11561](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11561)) > So spoke Hektor, and the Trojans thundered to hear him; fools, since Pallas Athene had taken away the wits from them. ([Location 11698](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11698)) > the god of the dragging footsteps. ([Location 11752](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11752)) > of their own motion ([Location 11756](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11756)) > Charis ([Location 11761](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11761)) - Note: Xapic > She saved me when I suffered much at the time of my great fall through the will of my own brazen-faced mother, who wanted to hide me, for being lame. ([Location 11773](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11773)) > And in support of their master moved his attendants. These are golden, and in appearance like living young women. There is intelligence in their hearts, and there is speech in them 420  and strength, and from the immortal gods they have learned how to do things. ([Location 11793](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11793)) - Note: Robots > And the bellows, all twenty of them, blew on the crucibles, from all directions blasting forth wind to blow the flames high now as he hurried to be at this place and now at another, wherever Hephaistos might wish them to blow, and the work went forward. ([Location 11840](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11840)) > He made the earth upon it, and the sky, and the sea’s water, and the tireless sun, and the moon waxing into her fullness, ([Location 11852](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11852)) > On it he wrought in all their beauty two cities of mortal men. And there were marriages in one, ([Location 11858](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11858)) > But around the other city were lying two forces of armed men 510  shining in their war gear. ([Location 11875](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11875)) > And Ares led them, and Pallas Athene. ([Location 11881](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11881)) > Confusion ([Location 11898](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11898)) > dragged a dead man by the feet through the carnage. ([Location 11900](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11900)) > He made on it the precinct of a king, where the laborers were reaping, with the sharp reaping hooks in their hands. ([Location 11912](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11912)) > He made upon it a herd of horn-straight oxen. ([Location 11933](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11933)) > strong arms made on it a meadow large and in a lovely valley for the glimmering sheepflocks, with dwelling places upon it, and covered shelters, and sheepfolds. ([Location 11946](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11946)) > dancing floor, ([Location 11949](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11949)) > He made on it the great strength of the Ocean River which ran around the uttermost rim of the shield’s strong structure. ([Location 11962](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11962)) > carried with her the shining armor, the gift of Hephaistos. ([Location 11971](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11971)) > None had the courage 15  to look straight at it. They were afraid of it. ([Location 11985](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=11985)) > She spoke so, and drove the strength of great courage into him; and meanwhile through the nostrils of Patroklos she distilled ambrosia and red nectar, so that his flesh might not spoil. ([Location 12006](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12006)) > Yet what could I do? It is the god who accomplishes all things. ([Location 12052](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12052)) > And Zeus was entirely unaware of her falsehood, but swore a great oath, and therein lay all his deception. ([Location 12071](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12071)) > First he placed along his legs the fair greaves linked with 370  silver fastenings to hold the greaves at the ankles. Afterward he girt on about his chest the corselet, and across his shoulders slung the sword with the nails of silver, a bronze sword, and caught up the great shield, huge and heavy next, and from it the light glimmered far, as from the moon. ([Location 12297](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12297)) > Hera, had put a voice in him: “We shall still keep you safe for this time, O hard Achilleus. And yet the day of your death is near, but it is not we 410  who are to blame, but a great god and powerful Destiny. ([Location 12331](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12331)) > So these now, the Achaians, beside the curved ships were arming around you, son of Peleus, insatiate of battle, ([Location 12348](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12348)) > Themis ([Location 12351](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12351)) > So they on either side took their places, deliberating counsels, reluctant on both sides to open the sorrowful 155  attack. ([Location 12483](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12483)) > There quickly he drifted a mist across the eyes of one fighter, Achilleus, Peleus’ son, and from the shield of Aineias of the great heart pulled loose the strong bronze-headed ash spear and laid it down again before the feet of Achilleus; ([Location 12631](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12631)) > though his hands are like flame, though his hands are like flame, and his heart like the shining of iron.” ([Location 12676](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12676)) > But now, in his young thoughtlessness and display of his running he swept among the champions until thus he destroyed his dear life. ([Location 12711](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12711)) > He spoke, and balanced the spear and let it fly. But Athene blew against it and turned it back from renowned Achilleus 440  with an easy blast. It came back again to glorious Hektor and dropped to the ground in front of his feet. ([Location 12736](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12736)) > Three times swift-footed brilliant Achilleus swept in against him with the brazen spear. Three times his stroke went into the deep mist. ([Location 12742](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12742)) > He, when his hands grew weary with killing, chose out and took twelve young men alive from the river to be vengeance for the death of Patroklos, the son of Menoitios. ([Location 12818](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12818)) > He with the sharp bronze was cutting young branches from a fig tree, so that they could make him rails for a chariot, when an unlooked-for evil thing came upon him, ([Location 12828](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12828)) > Three times ([Location 12950](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12950)) > three times ([Location 12950](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12950)) > And as Zeus is stronger than rivers that run to the sea, so the generation of Zeus is made stronger than that of a river. ([Location 12962](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=12962)) > And about Achilleus in his confusion a dangerous wave rose up, and beat against his shield and pushed it. He could not brace himself with his feet, but caught with his hands at an elm tree tall and strong grown, but this uptorn by the roots and tumbling ripped away the whole cliff and with its dense tangle of roots stopped the run of the lovely current and fallen full length in the water dammed the very stream. ([Location 13007](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13007)) > Young fool, what a mindless heart you have. Can you not even now remember all the evils we endured here by Ilion, you and I alone of the gods, when to proud Laomedon we came down from Zeus and for a year were his servants 445  for a stated hire, and he told us what to do, and to do it? ([Location 13186](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13186)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > But when the changing seasons brought on the time for our labor to be paid, then headstrong Laomedon violated and made void all our hire, and sent us away, and sent threats after us. ([Location 13193](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13193)) > insignificant mortals, who are as leaves are, and now flourish and grow warm 465  with life, and feed on what the ground gives, but then again fade away and are dead. ([Location 13205](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13205)) > lady of showering arrows ([Location 13220](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13220)) > Zeus has made you a lion among women, ([Location 13223](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13223)) > ambrosial veil trembled about her. ([Location 13244](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13244)) > Artemis sweet-garlanded lady of clamors ([Location 13248](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13248)) > Achilleus sprang in chase of him ([Location 13328](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13328)) - Note: Squirrel! > Now you have robbed me of great glory, and rescued these people lightly, ([Location 13353](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13353)) > but when an old man is dead and down, and the dogs mutilate 75  the gray head and the gray beard and the parts that are secret, this, for all sad mortality, is the sight most pitiful.” ([Location 13403](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13403)) > And the shivers took hold of Hektor when he saw him, and he could no longer stand his ground there, but left the gates behind, and fled, frightened, and Peleus’ son went after him in the confidence of his quick feet. ([Location 13457](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13457)) > But when for the fourth time they had come around to the well springs then the Father balanced his golden scales, and in them 210  he set two fateful portions of death, ([Location 13521](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13521)) > I fled three times around the great city of Priam, ([Location 13559](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13559)) > As there are no trustworthy oaths between men and lions, nor wolves and lambs ([Location 13569](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13569)) > Be careful now; for I might be made into the gods’ curse upon you, on that day when Paris and Phoibos Apollo destroy you in the Skaian gates, for all your valor.” ([Location 13654](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13654)) > soul fluttering free of the limbs went down into Death’s house mourning her destiny, leaving youth and manhood behind her. ([Location 13658](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13658)) > “See now, Hektor is much softer to handle than he was when he set the ships ablaze with the burning firebrand.” ([Location 13668](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13668)) > I must be suppliant to this man, who is harsh and violent, and he might have respect for my age and take pity upon it 420  since I am old, and his father also is old, as I am, Peleus, who begot and reared him to be an affliction on the Trojans. ([Location 13708](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13708)) > Three times, mourning, they drove their horses with flowing manes about the body, ([Location 13806](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13806)) > wine-blue water, ([Location 13922](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13922)) > Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, drove the dogs back from him by day and night, and anointed him with rosy immortal oil, so Achilleus, when he dragged him about, might not tear him. ([Location 13959](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=13959)) > You mean to take my prize away from me, ([Location 14278](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14278)) > and the herald put the staff into his hand and gave the call for the Argives to be silent. ([Location 14299](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14299)) - Note: Talking stick > Agamemnon, ([Location 14584](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14584)) > “Son of Atreus, for we know how much you surpass all others, by how much you are greatest for strength among the spear-throwers, therefore take this prize and keep it and go back to your hollow ships; but let us give the spear to the hero Meriones; if your own heart would have it this way, for so I invite you.” ([Location 14586](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14586)) - Note: Very proper. Political. > because of the delusion of Paris who insulted the goddesses when they came to him in his courtyard ([Location 14619](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14619)) > “So be it. He can bring the ransom and take off the body, 140  if the Olympian himself so urgently bids it.” ([Location 14716](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14716)) > Dung lay thick on the head and neck of the aged man, ([Location 14738](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14738)) > If it is my destiny 225  to die there by the ships of the bronze-armored Achaians, then I wish that. ([Location 14792](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=14792)) - Note: Amor fatim-stoicism > Such was their burial of Hektor, breaker of horses. ([Location 15308](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15308)) > Will of Zeus. Two possible references: before the events of the Iliad, Zeus had promised Earth (Gaia) to relieve the oppressive weight of people on her surface, and allowed the Trojan War to lessen the population (as the now lost epic Cypria narrated). Within the time frame of the Iliad, the fulfillment of Zeus’ will can refer to the carrying out of his plan (at Thetis’ request) to honor Achilleus by letting his comrades suffer in his absence. ([Location 15333](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15333)) > A common pattern: nine days or years represent an unmarked stretch of time that is then contrasted with and fulfilled by a significant tenth day or year. The ten years of the war itself fit this template. ([Location 15348](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15348)) > Achilleus mentions carrying out twenty-three earlier raids ([Location 15366](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15366)) > The purification is to remove the pollution (miasma) caused by angering Apollo in dishonoring his priest Chryses. ([Location 15392](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15392)) > (that he can choose a short life with glory or a long life without it). ([Location 15402](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15402)) > Clasping the knees is the regular gesture made by one supplicating a person in a more powerful position. ([Location 15408](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15408)) > Hephaistos tells a quite different story at 18.395–405, where it is Hera herself who threw him out of Olympos, ashamed of his lameness. Thetis at that time rescued and for nine years sheltered him—perhaps a cause for Hera’s apparent antagonism toward the nymph now. ([Location 15423](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15423)) > Greeks first resemble swarming bees (hence dangerous, but numerous, organized, and acting communally). ([Location 15448](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15448)) > His father Atreus won the kingship of Mykenai after a dispute with his brother Thyestes; after learning that Thyestes had seduced his wife, Atreus killed, cooked, and served to Thyestes his own children. The son of Thyestes, Aigisthos, will kill Agamemnon (with the aid of Agamemnon’s wife Klytaimestra) on his arrival home. ([Location 15452](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15452)) > The intervention of Hera and Athene, based on their favoring the Greek side, goes back to their resentment at being rejected in the judgment of Paris, although it is put in the language of fairness and the efforts of the Achaians. ([Location 15463](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15463)) > Zeus swallowed Mêtis, one of his consorts, out of fear that a son greater than himself would come from her; Athene subsequently emerged from his head. ([Location 15467](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15467)) > Athenian life was organized along lines of clan (phrêtrai: literally “brotherhood”) and tribe (phula). ([Location 15489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15489)) > At the same time, the alignments of ethnicities, cities, and political connections seem mainly to reflect later Iron Age conditions. ([Location 15511](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15511)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > 530 This is the only example in Homer in which “Hellenes” means all Greeks (as do the synonymous Danaäns, Argives, and Achaians), ([Location 15526](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15526)) > intended to make a political claim for Salamis in the face of competition from Megara. ([Location 15536](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15536)) > The Trojans often are associated with noise or confused languages (e.g., 2.810), while the Greeks move in silence (4.429). ([Location 15564](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15564)) > The terms of the agreement make clear that it was not simply the abduction (or elopement) of Helen, but also the taking of possessions from the palace of Menelaos that provided the rationale for war. ([Location 15573](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15573)) > The black lamb is for Earth, the white for Sun, in accordance with Greek ideas of offerings appropriate for chthonic (earthbound) versus Olympian deities. ([Location 15575](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15575)) > Machaon (“Battler”) is one of two doctors in the field, his brother Podaleirios being the other; both are sons of the healing hero Asklepios (2.731), a son of Apollo by Coronis. ([Location 15643](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15643)) > A pun underlies Odysseus’ mention of his son, Telemachos (“far-fighter”), since “champion” is literally “near-fighter” (promakhos). ([Location 15652](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15652)) > The disciplined silence of the Greeks is contrasted several times with Trojan noise (e.g., 3.1–10), which is here further related to the linguistic diversity of the Trojan side. ([Location 15659](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15659)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In such images as this (enemies lying next to one another in the dust) the poem draws attention to the common humanity and shared fate of the opposed sides. ([Location 15665](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15665)) > The Trojans and their allies are consistently depicted as worshiping the same gods as the Greeks ([Location 15672](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15672)) > Trojans to sheep ([Location 15692](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15692)) > But blood is generated by human food and drink; the gods therefore do not eat food, but survive on nectar and ambrosia (literally “the immortal”). This idea avoids conflict with the notion that they appreciate sacrificial smoke and libations, as we do not hear of them directly consuming such nourishment. ([Location 15708](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15708)) > The motif of friends or equipment being powerless to save one in battle punctuates the poem: ([Location 15752](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15752)) > The oak tree, marking a spot near the Skaian gates of the city (6.237), is regularly associated with safety, while the fig tree gets mentioned at moments of danger ([Location 15820](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15820)) > Another abrupt surprise: the proposal by Antenor to give back Helen sets up the forceful rejection by Paris, albeit with the concession that he is willing to return Menelaos’ treasures along with punitive damages. ([Location 15853](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15853)) > The moving scene of each army trying to recognize their dead, side by side, is given added emotional impact by the complete silence. The basic human sameness of Greek and Trojan is emphasized by the exact repetition of phrases to describe either side’s actions. ([Location 15855](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15855)) > A subtle touch of class distinction relevant to aristocratic gift-economy: the Atreidai get their wine free, while the ordinary troops must barter for it (even trading slaves). ([Location 15866](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15866)) > Tritogeneia was obscure even in antiquity as an epithet for Athene. ([Location 15873](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15873)) > But a balance is not a dice toss: it vividly makes concrete the decision he had already reached in agreeing with Thetis to honor Achilleus. The only other time Zeus employs it, Hektor’s doom tips down: ([Location 15879](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15879)) > The implicit contract (wine and food in exchange for fighting) is the background for the nearly comic rhetoric of Hektor to his horses (185) urging them to repay their upkeep. ([Location 15883](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15883)) > Kleopatra, whose brief biography is given at 556, has a name that matches semantically “Patroklos,” both meaning “ancestor glory.” ([Location 15983](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=15983)) > 269 ([Location 16045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16045)) > In the midst of masculine combat, the strongest expression of pain is childbirth pangs. As it was at Menelaos’ wounding (4.141), women’s experience is recalled via simile. ([Location 16045](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16045)) > With the sustained attack on its wall, the Greek camp comes to resemble a miniature Troy, a defensive site, enabling the audience to imagine the ineffectiveness of a Greek assault on the much sturdier and taller city ramparts. ([Location 16087](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16087)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > Favored as he thinks he is by Zeus, Hektor scorns omens. The striking line 243 (“One bird sign is best . . . ”) was a favorite in antiquity: Pliny the Younger recalls (Letter 1.18.3) how as an eighteen-year-old apprentice Roman lawyer (in 80 AD), he plucked up his courage with this sentiment. Teachers of rhetoric in the fourth century AD were still urging pupils to make use of the maxim. ([Location 16096](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16096)) > In addition to outlining the economy of heroism, Sarpedon implies that war itself is a non-zero-sum game in which one can get glory by slaying but also give it by being slain. ([Location 16104](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16104)) > The righteousness of these tribes accords with the mythical notion that peoples furthest removed in time or space from current civilization are least damaged by its problems. ([Location 16118](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16118)) - Note: Noble savages > The story of his defeat by Odysseus and subsequent suicide was part of the Cyclic Little Iliad and is dramatized in the Ajax of Sophocles. ([Location 16143](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16143)) > The Cretan king Minos, a son of Zeus, was keeper, in the famous labyrinth, of the Minotaur, a bull-headed human-bodied monster that met its end at the hands of the Athenian hero Theseus. ([Location 16152](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16152)) > A grimmer version of Achilleus’ choice (9.410). Euchenor can have death by disease or by war; at least the latter relieves him of paying a fine (apparently levied on war dodgers: see 23.296 on Echepolos). ([Location 16165](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16165)) > Hera’s anger leads her to use sex as a weapon. The extended scene of preparation is therefore the functional equivalent of a warrior’s arming scene. ([Location 16192](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16192)) > The penalty for a god breaking an oath sworn by Styx is to lie in a death-like trance for one year and spend the next nine cut off from the company of the Olympians (Theogony 738). ([Location 16201](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16201)) > Zeus omits the detail that Semele was incinerated when she persuaded him to appear in all his glory and Dionysos was rescued from her womb. ([Location 16208](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16208)) > The goriness of this killing, culminating in a horrific exhibition and taunt, reinforces the feeling that all boundaries to the excesses of war have been removed. The ferocious cycle accelerates as men kill in order to avenge their comrades. ([Location 16215](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16215)) > Hera was constantly opposed to Herakles (whose name ironically means “glory of Hera”) ([Location 16220](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16220)) > The gesture of smacking the thighs with the palms portends imminent death ([Location 16226](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16226)) > The death of a god’s son (cf. the similar scene of Sarpedon’s killing in book 16) shows how the fear of dissent on Olympos is what determines ([Location 16227](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16227)) > The unwillingness of Zeus to brook a rival who would declare himself equal echoes Agamemnon’s problem with Achilleus ([Location 16229](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16229)) > Ironically, the Trojans mistake Zeus’ thunder, which was made in positive response to Nestor’s prayer, as an indication that he is still supporting their attack. ([Location 16243](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16243)) > The scene is unusual, finally, because elsewhere in the Iliad a god never grants only half a prayer. ([Location 16276](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16276)) > The flood tied to Zeus’ punishment of wrongdoing resembles the biblical account (Genesis 6–9). Although missing from Hesiod’s Theogony, the flood tale appears to be a regional commonplace, showing up in early Near Eastern literature, such as Gilgamesh. ([Location 16279](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16279)) > The pervasive folk tradition that a dying person’s last words are prophetic can be seen already at work here. Cf. Socrates’ at his trial predicting punishment for the Athenians (Plato, Apology, 39c). ([Location 16305](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16305)) > Glaukos, who has once before shamed Hektor into fighting, uses exactly the words of Achilleus against Agamemnon (9.316–17) to complain that he and his men are treated unfairly by the Trojan prince and to threaten to leave. He wants Patroklos’ corpse as a bargaining chip to regain the armor of his friend Sarpedon—not as a prop for the glorification of Hektor. ([Location 16317](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16317)) > The recompense theme is kept going in a minor key as Hippothoös, in dying while doing a favor for Hektor, fails to return to his parents what he owes for his upbringing. ([Location 16324](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16324)) > The golden robot maidens are described in terms similar to those used for Pandora (Hesiod, Works and Days, 70–82), gifted by all the gods with adornment and endowments. ([Location 16368](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16368)) > The city at peace, along with its harmonies of music and marriage, also contains disputes, but has a legal framework to deal with them. ([Location 16375](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16375)) > Infusion of the divine food and drink, nectar and ambrosia, gives a sort of immortality to Patroklos’ flesh. Ancient Egyptian embalming practice involved extractions and infusions through the nostrils (Herodotus, 2.86). ([Location 16386](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16386)) > The Iliad depicts Aphrodite as daughter of Zeus, in contrast to the well-known version in Hesiod’s Theogony (190–206) according to which she arose in the open sea from the cast-off genitals of his grandfather Ouranos, and is thus older than the Olympian cohort. The latter version would make her more like Thetis, connected to open water. ([Location 16425](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16425)) - Tags: [[favorite]] > In other sources, three Moirai (Klotho, Lachesis, and Atropos) are responsible, respectively, for spinning, measuring, and cutting off the lifethread. ([Location 16433](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16433)) > The survival of Aineias is necessary in order to start another chain of saga, culminating ultimately in the foundation account of Rome (elaborated by the Latin authors Virgil [Aeneid] and Livy [History of Rome]). ([Location 16443](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16443)) > A woman’s death in illness or childbirth could be said to have been caused by arrows shot by Artemis. The usage may be connected with the goddess’s imagined role in symbolic mock “killing” of girls during initiation rituals. The sacrifice of Iphigeneia to Artemis, enabling the Greek expedition to set sail at Aulis (an event ignored by the Iliad), has been tied to such an initiatory motif. ([Location 16482](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16482)) > The book is structured around dual deceptions by gods, who arrive finally at stunned recognition (anagnôrisis, in later Greek literary analysis): Achilleus is tricked by Apollo, as Hektor is by Athene. ([Location 16489](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16489)) > As earlier (6.441), Hektor is trapped by his sense of shame and pride, always imagining (to the extent of quoting) what others will say. ([Location 16499](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16499)) > The hot and cold springs are not only expressive of the heroes who run past them (Achilleus, who has been compared to a blazing fire; Hektor, who feels chill fear). They also embody the open and peaceful existence of earlier Troy in contrast to its present pent-in terror. ([Location 16501](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16501)) > Riding around the honored dead warrior on his pyre may be an ancient Indo-European custom: cf. the ceremony at Beowulf 3169–82. ([Location 16525](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16525)) > Achilleus understands the look and words of Patroklos to indicate that soul (psykhê) and image (eidôlon) survive death. That he draws the conclusion about the absence of the “heart of life” (phrenes, the seat of intelligence, in Homer) is not surprising, since Greeks connected thought and consciousness closely with physical organs. The phrenes were localized near the lungs. ([Location 16532](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16532)) > A minor but illuminating detail, revealing that at least one potential recruit could buy his way out of service at Troy with a gift to the commander. ([Location 16545](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16545)) > The first instance of sports betting in Western literature is proposed to depend not on the outcome but on the jockeys’ positions midrace. ([Location 16553](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16553)) > Hermes (here “Argeïphontes,” ([Location 16582](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16582)) > This is the only Iliad passage referring to the judgment of Paris. His choice of Aphrodite to receive the apple designated “for the fairest” was taken by the two other competing goddesses, Hera and Athene, as an insult. Aphrodite’s reward for his choice (the favors of Helen) started the war. ([Location 16585](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16585)) > The befouling of head and neck symbolically expresses the wish for the living lamenter to be close to the corpse’s condition. ([Location 16594](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16594)) > Kassandra, fairest of Priam’s daughters (13.366), in other sources is said to have spurned Apollo’s love, and as punishment her warnings to the Trojans were never believed. At the fall of Troy, she is dragged away from her refuge at Athene’s altar, although clasping the statue of the goddess, and raped by Aias the son of Oïleus. ([Location 16619](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16619)) > The poem ends with a glimmer of hope: the doomed Achilleus relents long enough to allow the enemy to bury their champion. That the emotional climax should center not on Achilleus but his victim Hektor (shown to be every bit as heroic as the Greeks) speaks for the deep humanity of the whole composition. ([Location 16630](https://readwise.io/to_kindle?action=open&asin=B0069SJMQU&location=16630))